शैव

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शैव (śaiva). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘫𑘺𑘪 (śaiva).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɕəiʋ/, [ɕəiːʋ]
Hyphenation: शैव
Rhymes: -iʋ

Adjective

शैव • (śaiv)

relating to, belonging to, or sacred to Lord Shiva

Noun

शैव • (śaiv) m

a worshipper of Lord Shiva, a follower of Shaivism

Declension

Declension of शैव (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	शैव śaiv
direct plural	शैव śaiv
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	शैव śaiv	शैव śaiv
oblique सामान्यरूप	शैवा śaivā	शैवां- śaivān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	शैवाला śaivālā	शैवांना śaivānnā
ergative	शैवाने, शैवानं śaivāne, śaivāna	शैवांनी śaivānnī
instrumental	शैवाशी śaivāśī	शैवांशी śaivānśī
locative सप्तमी	शैवात śaivāt	शैवांत śaivāt
vocative संबोधन	शैवा śaivā	शैवांनो śaivānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of शैव (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	शैवाचा śaivāċā	शैवाचे śaivāċe	शैवाची śaivācī	शैवाच्या śaivācā	शैवाचे, शैवाचं śaivāċe, śaivāċa	शैवाची śaivācī	शैवाच्या śaivācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	शैवांचा śaivānċā	शैवांचे śaivānċe	शैवांची śaivāñcī	शैवांच्या śaivāncā	शैवांचे, शैवांचं śaivānċe, śaivānċa	शैवांची śaivāñcī	शैवांच्या śaivāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “शैव”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “शैव”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

শৈৱ (Assamese script)
ᬰᬿᬯ (Balinese script)
শৈব (Bengali script)
𑰫𑰹𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀰𑁃𑀯 (Brahmi script)
ၐဲဝ (Burmese script)
શૈવ (Gujarati script)
ਸ਼ੈਵ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌶𑍈𑌵 (Grantha script)
ꦯꦻꦮ (Javanese script)
𑂬𑂶𑂫 (Kaithi script)
ಶೈವ (Kannada script)
ឝៃវ (Khmer script)
ໄຨວ (Lao script)
ശൈവ (Malayalam script)
ᡧᠠᡳᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘫𑘺𑘪 (Modi script)
ᠱᠧᠧᠸᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧋𑧛𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
𑐱𑐿𑐰 (Newa script)
ଶୈଵ (Odia script)
ꢯꣀꢮ (Saurashtra script)
𑆯𑆽𑆮 (Sharada script)
𑖫𑖹𑖪 (Siddham script)
ශෛව (Sinhalese script)
𑩿𑩗𑩾 (Soyombo script)
𑚧𑚳𑚦 (Takri script)
ஶைவ (Tamil script)
శైవ (Telugu script)
ไศว (Thai script)
ཤཻ་ཝ (Tibetan script)
𑒬𑒻𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
𑨮𑨇𑨭 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Vṛddhi derivative of शिव (śivá).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɑːj.ʋɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕɑj.ʋɐ/

Adjective

शैव • (śaiva) stem

relating to, belonging to, or sacred to Lord Shiva

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शैव
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शैवः (śaivaḥ)	शैवौ (śaivau) शैवा¹ (śaivā¹)	शैवाः (śaivāḥ) शैवासः¹ (śaivāsaḥ¹)
accusative	शैवम् (śaivam)	शैवौ (śaivau) शैवा¹ (śaivā¹)	शैवान् (śaivān)
instrumental	शैवेन (śaivena)	शैवाभ्याम् (śaivābhyām)	शैवैः (śaivaiḥ) शैवेभिः¹ (śaivebhiḥ¹)
dative	शैवाय (śaivāya)	शैवाभ्याम् (śaivābhyām)	शैवेभ्यः (śaivebhyaḥ)
ablative	शैवात् (śaivāt)	शैवाभ्याम् (śaivābhyām)	शैवेभ्यः (śaivebhyaḥ)
genitive	शैवस्य (śaivasya)	शैवयोः (śaivayoḥ)	शैवानाम् (śaivānām)
locative	शैवे (śaive)	शैवयोः (śaivayoḥ)	शैवेषु (śaiveṣu)
vocative	शैव (śaiva)	शैवौ (śaivau) शैवा¹ (śaivā¹)	शैवाः (śaivāḥ) शैवासः¹ (śaivāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of शैवी
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शैवी (śaivī)	शैव्यौ (śaivyau) शैवी¹ (śaivī¹)	शैव्यः (śaivyaḥ) शैवीः¹ (śaivīḥ¹)
accusative	शैवीम् (śaivīm)	शैव्यौ (śaivyau) शैवी¹ (śaivī¹)	शैवीः (śaivīḥ)
instrumental	शैव्या (śaivyā)	शैवीभ्याम् (śaivībhyām)	शैवीभिः (śaivībhiḥ)
dative	शैव्यै (śaivyai)	शैवीभ्याम् (śaivībhyām)	शैवीभ्यः (śaivībhyaḥ)
ablative	शैव्याः (śaivyāḥ) शैव्यै² (śaivyai²)	शैवीभ्याम् (śaivībhyām)	शैवीभ्यः (śaivībhyaḥ)
genitive	शैव्याः (śaivyāḥ) शैव्यै² (śaivyai²)	शैव्योः (śaivyoḥ)	शैवीनाम् (śaivīnām)
locative	शैव्याम् (śaivyām)	शैव्योः (śaivyoḥ)	शैवीषु (śaivīṣu)
vocative	शैवि (śaivi)	शैव्यौ (śaivyau) शैवी¹ (śaivī¹)	शैव्यः (śaivyaḥ) शैवीः¹ (śaivīḥ¹)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of शैव
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शैवम् (śaivam)	शैवे (śaive)	शैवानि (śaivāni) शैवा¹ (śaivā¹)
accusative	शैवम् (śaivam)	शैवे (śaive)	शैवानि (śaivāni) शैवा¹ (śaivā¹)
instrumental	शैवेन (śaivena)	शैवाभ्याम् (śaivābhyām)	शैवैः (śaivaiḥ) शैवेभिः¹ (śaivebhiḥ¹)
dative	शैवाय (śaivāya)	शैवाभ्याम् (śaivābhyām)	शैवेभ्यः (śaivebhyaḥ)
ablative	शैवात् (śaivāt)	शैवाभ्याम् (śaivābhyām)	शैवेभ्यः (śaivebhyaḥ)
genitive	शैवस्य (śaivasya)	शैवयोः (śaivayoḥ)	शैवानाम् (śaivānām)
locative	शैवे (śaive)	शैवयोः (śaivayoḥ)	शैवेषु (śaiveṣu)
vocative	शैव (śaiva)	शैवे (śaive)	शैवानि (śaivāni) शैवा¹ (śaivā¹)

¹Vedic

Noun

शैव • (śaiva) stem, m

a worshipper of Lord Shiva, a follower of Shaivism

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शैव
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शैवः (śaivaḥ)	शैवौ (śaivau)	शैवाः (śaivāḥ)
accusative	शैवम् (śaivam)	शैवौ (śaivau)	शैवान् (śaivān)
instrumental	शैवेन (śaivena)	शैवाभ्याम् (śaivābhyām)	शैवैः (śaivaiḥ)
dative	शैवाय (śaivāya)	शैवाभ्याम् (śaivābhyām)	शैवेभ्यः (śaivebhyaḥ)
ablative	शैवात् (śaivāt)	शैवाभ्याम् (śaivābhyām)	शैवेभ्यः (śaivebhyaḥ)
genitive	शैवस्य (śaivasya)	शैवयोः (śaivayoḥ)	शैवानाम् (śaivānām)
locative	शैवे (śaive)	शैवयोः (śaivayoḥ)	शैवेषु (śaiveṣu)
vocative	शैव (śaiva)	शैवौ (śaivau)	शैवाः (śaivāḥ)

Descendants

→ Assamese: শৈব (xoibo)
→ Bengali: শৈব (śōib)
→ English: Saiva
- ⇒ English: Saivite, Shaivist, Shaivism
→ Gujarati: શૈવ (śaiv)
→ Hindi: शैव (śaiv)
→ Kannada: ಶೈವ (śaiva)
→ Old Marathi:
Devanagari script: शैव (śaiva)

Modi script: 𑘫𑘺𑘪 (śaiva)
- → Marathi: शैव (śaiv)
→ Punjabi: ਸ਼ੈਵ (śaiv)
→ Sinhalese: ශෛව (śaiwa)
→ Tamil: சைவ (caiva)
⇒ Telugu: శైవము (śaivamu), Telugu: శైవుడు (śaivuḍu)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “शैव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1090, column 2.