साक्षिन्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

সাক্ষিন্ (Assamese script)
ᬲᬵᬓ᭄ᬱᬶᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
সাক্ষিন্ (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰯𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰰𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀸𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀺𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
သာက္ၑိန် (Burmese script)
સાક્ષિન્ (Gujarati script)
ਸਾਕ੍ਸ਼ਿਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑌾𑌕𑍍𑌷𑌿𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦴꦏ꧀ꦰꦶꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂰𑂍𑂹𑂭𑂱𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಸಾಕ್ಷಿೝ (Kannada script)
សាក្ឞិន៑ (Khmer script)
ສາກ຺ຩິນ຺ (Lao script)
സാക്ഷിന് (Malayalam script)
ᠰᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡬᢢᡳᠨ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘰𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘱𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠰᠠᢗᢉᢔᠢᠨ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑧑𑦮𑧠𑧌𑧒𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐵𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐶𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
ସାକ୍ଷିନ୍ (Odia script)
ꢱꢵꢒ꣄ꢰꢶꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆳𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆴𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖯𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖰𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
සාක්‍ෂින් (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑩛𑩜 𑪙𑪀𑩑𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚭𑚊𑚶𑚮𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
ஸாக்ஷிந் (Tamil script)
సాక్షిౝ (Telugu script)
สากฺษินฺ (Thai script)
སཱ་ཀྵི་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒰𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒱𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨊𑨋𑩇𑨯𑨁𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From साक्ष (sākṣa) +‎ -इन् (-in), with the first element being a compound of स- (sa-, “with, having (the same)”) + अक्ष (akṣa, “eyes”), literally meaning "with or having eyes".

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɑːk.ʂin/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɑːk.ʂin̪/

Noun

साक्षिन् • (sākṣin) stem, m (feminine साक्षिणी)

witness, spectator

Declension

Masculine in-stem declension of साक्षिन्
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	साक्षी (sākṣī)	साक्षिणौ (sākṣiṇau) साक्षिणा¹ (sākṣiṇā¹)	साक्षिणः (sākṣiṇaḥ)
accusative	साक्षिणम् (sākṣiṇam)	साक्षिणौ (sākṣiṇau) साक्षिणा¹ (sākṣiṇā¹)	साक्षिणः (sākṣiṇaḥ)
instrumental	साक्षिणा (sākṣiṇā)	साक्षिभ्याम् (sākṣibhyām)	साक्षिभिः (sākṣibhiḥ)
dative	साक्षिणे (sākṣiṇe)	साक्षिभ्याम् (sākṣibhyām)	साक्षिभ्यः (sākṣibhyaḥ)
ablative	साक्षिणः (sākṣiṇaḥ)	साक्षिभ्याम् (sākṣibhyām)	साक्षिभ्यः (sākṣibhyaḥ)
genitive	साक्षिणः (sākṣiṇaḥ)	साक्षिणोः (sākṣiṇoḥ)	साक्षिणाम् (sākṣiṇām)
locative	साक्षिणि (sākṣiṇi)	साक्षिणोः (sākṣiṇoḥ)	साक्षिषु (sākṣiṣu)
vocative	साक्षिन् (sākṣin)	साक्षिणौ (sākṣiṇau) साक्षिणा¹ (sākṣiṇā¹)	साक्षिणः (sākṣiṇaḥ)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic:
- Shina: [script needed] (sāc̣)
Pali: sakkhi
Prakrit: 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀺 (sakkhi)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Awadhi: साखी (sākhī)
    - Hindustani: sākhī
      - Hindi: साखी
      - Urdu: سَاکھِی (sākhī)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: সাখি (xakhi)
    - Bengali: সাখি (śakhi)
    - Bihari:
      - Maithili: साखि (sākhɨ)
    - Odia: ସାଖୀ (sākhi)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Kumaoni: साखी (sākhī), शाकि (śākⁱ)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi: sākhī
        Gurmukhi script: ਸਾਖੀ
        
        Shahmukhi script: سَاکھِی
        
        Lahnda: ساکھی (sākhī)
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: sākhī
        Arabic script: سَاڪِي
        
        Devanagari script: साखी
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ހެކި (heki)
- Western:
  - Gurjara Apabhramsa:
    - Old Gujarati: साखी (sākhī)

Borrowed terms

→ Bengali: সাক্ষী (śakkhi)
→ Burmese: သက်သေ (sakse)
→ Hindi: साक्षी (sākṣī)
→ Khmer: សាក្សី (saksəy)
→ Lao: ສັກຂີ (sak khī), ສະຂິ (sa khi)
→ Malay: saksi
- > Indonesian: saksi (inherited)
- → Bikol Central: saksi
- → Cebuano: saksi
- → Higaonon: saksi
- → Ilocano: saksi
- → Masbatenyo: saksi
- → Min Nan: 肖示 (siau-sī), 肖視 (siau-sī)
- → Tagalog: saksi
- → Tausug: saksi'
→ Old Javanese: sākṣī
- Javanese: ꦱꦏ꧀ꦱꦶ (saksi)
- Javanese: ꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦱꦶ (seksi)
- → Balinese: ᬲᬵᬓ᭄ᬱᬷ (saksi)
→ Tamil: சாட்சி (cāṭci)
→ Thai: สักขี (sàk-kǐi)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “साक्षिन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1198, column 1.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sākṣin”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 769