শণ

Assamese

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀲𑀡 (saṇa), from Sanskrit शण (śaṇa).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xɔn/

Noun

শণ • (xon)

  1. flax (Crotalaria juncea)

Declension

Declension of শণ
nominative শণ / শণে (xon / xone)
accusative শণ / শণক (xon / xonok)
dative শণলৈ (xonoloi)
terminative শণলৈকে (xonoloike)
instrumental শণে / শণেৰে (xone / xonere)
genitive শণৰ (xonor)
locative শণত (xonot)

Noun: Assamese nouns are indefinite. They can be both singular and plural depending on the context. They are made definite by using classifiers and plural suffixes which also make them either singular and plural.
Plural: The general plural suffixes are: -বোৰ (-bür) and -বিলাক (-bilak) (less common). Others which have specific functions include -সমূহ (-xomuh), -সকল (-xokol), -হঁত (-hõt) etc.
Nominative: The -এ (-e) suffix is used when the noun works as an agent and the verb is transitive.
Accusative: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise.
Dative 1: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi).
Dative 2: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi).
Terminative: Vaguely -অলৈ (-oloi) can mark this case too.
Instrumental 1: -এ (-e) is unemphatic and -এৰে (-ere) is emphatic and more common.
Instrumental 2: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) is used instead of the default -এৰে (-ere) in Standard Assamese.
Locative: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in repetition of the word, with adverbs and days of the week.

References

  • শণ”, in Candrakānta abhidhāna: Asamīyā śabdara butpatti āru udāharaṇere Asamīyā-Ingrājī dui bhashara artha thakā abhidhāna [Comprehensive dictionary of the Assamese language with etymology and illustrations of words with their meanings in Assamese and English], 2nd edition, Guwahati: Gauhati University, 1962, →OCLC.

Bengali

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀲𑀡 (saṇa), from Sanskrit शण (śaṇa).

Pronunciation

  • (Rarh) IPA(key): /ʃɔn/, [ˈʃɔːn], [ˈʃɔn]
  • (Dhaka) IPA(key): /ʃɔn/, [ˈʃɔːn], [ˈʃɔn]

Noun

শণ • (śon)

  1. hemp
  2. flax

Inflection

indefinite forms
nominative শণ (śon)
objective শণকে (śon (semantically general or indefinite) / śonke (semantically definite))
genitive শণের (śoner)
definite forms
singular plural
nominative শণটা, শণটি (śonṭa (colloquial), śonṭi (formal)) শণেরা (śonera)
objective শণটাকে, শণটিকে (śonṭake (colloquial), śonṭike (formal)) শণদের(কে) (śonder(ke))
genitive শণটার, শণটির (śonṭar (colloquial), śonṭir (formal)) শণদের (śonder)
Objective Note: In some dialects, -রে (-re) marks this case instead of -কে (-ke).
indefinite forms
nominative শণ (śon)
objective শণ / শণকে (śon (semantically general or indefinite) / śonke (semantically definite))
genitive শণের (śoner)
locative শণে (śone)
definite forms
singular plural
nominative শণটা , শণটি (śonṭa (colloquial), śonṭi (formal)) শণগুলা, শণগুলো (śongula (colloquial), śongulo (formal))
objective শণটা, শণটি (śonṭa (colloquial), śonṭi (formal)) শণগুলা, শণগুলো (śongula (colloquial), śongulo (formal))
genitive শণটার, শণটির (śonṭar (colloquial), śonṭir (formal)) শণগুলার, শণগুলোর (śongular (colloquial), śongulor (formal))
locative শণটাতে / শণটায়, শণটিতে (śonṭate / śonṭay (colloquial), śonṭite (formal)) শণগুলাতে / শণগুলায়, শণগুলোতে (śongulate / śongulay (colloquial), śongulote (formal))
Objective Note: In some dialects, -রে (-re) marks this case instead of -কে (-ke).

References

  • Subhasha Bhattacarya, Sailendra Biswas, Sailendra Biswas, and Jnanendramohana Dasa (2022) “শণ”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Bengali Dictionaries]