ਤੱਕ

Punjabi

Etymology 1

Inherited from Paisaci Prakrit, from Sanskrit तर्क (tarka, “inquiry, conjecture”)

Noun

ਤੱਕ • (takka) f (Shahmukhi spelling تّک)

  1. courage, boldness, pluck, nerve
  2. expectation, hope

Etymology 2

Inherited from Paisaci Prakrit [Term?] (compare Sauraseni Prakrit *𑀢𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*tavakka), *𑀢𑀸𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*tāvakka)), from Sanskrit तावत्क (tā́vatka, “bought for so much”). Cognate with Hindi तक (tak) / Urdu تک (tak).

Postposition

ਤੱਕ • (takka) (Shahmukhi spelling تّک)

  1. until
  2. for (a period of time)
  3. up to

Etymology 3

Verb

ਤੱਕ • (takka)

  1. singular intimate imperative of ਤੱਕਣਾ (takkaṇā)

References

  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tāˊvatka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  • “ਤੱਕ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025
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