ਪੱਤਰ
Punjabi
Etymology
Inherited from Sanskrit पत्त्र (pattra). Sense 2 and 3 are learned. Doublet of ਪੱਤਾ (pattā).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Punjabi) IPA(key): /pət̪̚.t̪əɾ/
Noun
ਪੱਤਰ • (pattar) m (Shahmukhi spelling پَتر)
- leaf, petal
- Synonym: ਪੱਤਾ (pattā)
- (India) letter, document, paper
- (India) newspaper, journal
- Synonym: ਪਤਰਿਕਾ (patrikā)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | ਪੱਤਰ (pattar) | ਪੱਤਰ (pattar) |
| oblique | ਪੱਤਰ (pattar) | ਪੱਤਰਾਂ (pattarā̃) |
| vocative | ਪੱਤਰਾ (pattarā) | ਪੱਤਰੋ (pattaro) |
| ablative | ਪੱਤਰੋਂ (pattarõ) | — |
| locative | ਪੱਤਰੇ (pattare) | ਪੱਤਰੀਂ (pattarī̃) |
| instrumental | ਪੱਤਰੇ (pattare) | ਪੱਤਰੀਂ (pattarī̃) |
- Colloquially, -VC stems (especially -ar nouns like pattar, mittar) often undergo stem-final vowel syncope before vowel-initial suffixes. The oblique plural is thus commonly [C]ā̃ (e.g., pattrā̃, mittrā̃) instead of *[VC]ā̃ (e.g., *pattarā̃, *mittarā̃).
Derived terms
- ਪੱਤਰ ਵਿਹਾਰ m (pattar vihār, “correspondence”)
- ਪੱਤਰਕਾਰ m (pattarkār, “journalist”)
- ਪੱਤਰਾ m (pattarā, “leaf”)
- ਵਧਾਈ ਪੱਤਰ m (vadhāī pattar, “greeting card”)
Related terms
Further reading
- “ਪੱਤਰ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025