ข้อย
Isan
Etymology
Derived from the elision of the disyllabic polite pronoun ข้าน้อย (kàa-nɔ̂ɔi) into the monosyllable ข้อย (kɔ̀ɔi).
Or from Proto-Tai *χɔːjᴮ (“slave”).[1] Southwestern Tai such as Isan and Central Tai dialects point to tone *C (the tone of Isan ข้อย is C1), probably due to contamination from Proto-Tai *kraːꟲ (“slave”).[2]
In Southwestern Tai, cognate with Lao ຂ້ອຍ (khǭi), Lü ᦃᦾᧉ (ẋoay²).
In Central Tai, cognate with Nong Zhuang koij (Yanshan dialect)[3] or kuaij (Guangnan dialect).[3]
In Northern Tai, cognate with Zhuang hoiq.
In other Tai, cognate with Zuojiang Zhuang hoiq (Chongzuo dialect)[3] or hoij (Ningming dialect)[3] or koij (Longzhou and Daxin dialects).[3]
Pronoun
ข้อย (transliteration needed)
See also
| Isan personal pronouns | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
| Formal | ข้าน้อย (kàa-nɔ̂ɔi) | ท่าน (tāan) | เพิ่น (pə̄n) | หมู่ข้าน้อย (mūu kàa-nɔ̂ɔi) | หมู่ท่าน (mūu tāan) | ขะเจ้า (ka-jâo) |
| Common | ข้อย (kɔ̀ɔi) | เจ้า (jâo) | เขา (kǎo) ลาว (láao) |
เฮา (háo) หมู่เฮา (mūu háo) |
หมู่เจ้า (mūu jâo) | หมู่เขา (mūu kǎo) หมู่ลาว (mūu láao) |
| Vulgar | กู (guu) | มึง (mʉ́ng) | มัน (mán) | N/A | ||
References
- ^ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai (Doctoral dissertation)[1], Department of Linguistics, Cornell University , page 337
- ^ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai (Doctoral dissertation)[2], Department of Linguistics, Cornell University , page 369
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Zhang, Junru (张 均如); et al. (1999) 壮语方言研究 [A Study of Zhuang Dialects] (in Chinese), Chengdu: Sichuan Ethnic Publishing House (四川民族出版社), page 659