ḥpt

See also: HPT and Hpt

Egyptian

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛpɛt/
- Conventional anglicization: hepet

Noun

f

steering oar for a ship: the implement depicted in the hieroglyph

Inflection

Declension of *ḥpt* (feminine)
singular	ḥpt
dual	ḥptj
plural	ḥpwt

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥpt

ḥpt

Verb

3-lit.

(transitive) to embrace
- c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 5–6:
  
  rḏj ḥknw dwꜣ-nṯr z nb ḥr ḥpt snnw.f
  Praise has been given, the god has been thanked, and every man is embracing his fellow.

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥpt (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḥpt, geminated stem: ḥptt

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḥpt	ḥptw, ḥpt	ḥptt	ḥpt	ḥpt

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḥpt	ḥr ḥpt	m ḥpt	r ḥpt

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḥpt.n	ḥptw, ḥpt	consecutive	ḥpt.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	ḥpt.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	ḥptt
perfective³	ḥpt	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	ḥpt.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	ḥpt	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	ḥpt.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḥpt	ḥptt	potentialis¹	ḥpt.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḥpt	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	ḥpt	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḥpt.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ḥpt	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḥpt	ḥpt, ḥptw⁵, ḥpty⁵
imperfective	ḥpt, ḥpty, ḥptw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḥpt, ḥptj⁶, ḥpty⁶	ḥpt, ḥptw⁵
prospective	ḥpt, ḥpttj⁷	—	ḥpttj⁴, ḥptt⁴

¹ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
² Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
³ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
⁴ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. ⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥpt

ḥpt

Synonyms

jnq
qnj

References

Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 67.10–67.16, 68.4, 71.16–72.8
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 168
James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 308.