ἄκος

See also: -ακός, -άκος, and Appendix:Variations of "akos"

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *(H)yeh₂k- (“cure”). Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀐𐀴𐀪𐀊𐀂 (a-ke-ti-ri-ja-i), 𐀊𐀐𐀳𐀩 (ja-ke-te-re, “healers”); outside of Hellenic, possibly cognate with Welsh iach (“healthy”), Breton yac'h, Old Irish ícc (“cure, healing”).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.kos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.kos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.kos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.kos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.kos/

Noun

ἄκος • (ákos) n (genitive ἄκους or ἄκεος); third declension

cure, remedy

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ ᾰ̓́κος; τοῦ ᾰ̓́κους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ᾰ̓́κος tò ắkos	τὼ ᾰ̓́κει tṑ ắkei	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́κη tằ ắkē
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓́κους toû ắkous	τοῖν ᾰ̓κοῖν toîn ăkoîn	τῶν ᾰ̓κῶν tôn ăkôn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓́κει tōî ắkei	τοῖν ᾰ̓κοῖν toîn ăkoîn	τοῖς ᾰ̓́κεσῐ / ᾰ̓́κεσῐν toîs ắkesĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ ᾰ̓́κος tò ắkos	τὼ ᾰ̓́κει tṑ ắkei	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́κη tằ ắkē
Vocative	ᾰ̓́κος ắkos	ᾰ̓́κει ắkei	ᾰ̓́κη ắkē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of τὸ ᾰ̓́κος; τοῦ ᾰ̓́κεος (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ᾰ̓́κος tò ắkos	τὼ ᾰ̓́κει / ᾰ̓́κεε tṑ ắkei / ắkee	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́κεᾰ tằ ắkeă
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓́κεος / ᾰ̓́κευς toû ắkeos / ắkeus	τοῖν ᾰ̓κέοιν toîn ăkéoin	τῶν ᾰ̓κέων tôn ăkéōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓́κει / ᾰ̓́κεῐ̈ tōî ắkei / ắkeĭ̈	τοῖν ᾰ̓κέοιν toîn ăkéoin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν ᾰ̓́κεσῐ / ᾰ̓́κεσῐν toîsĭ(n) ắkesĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ ᾰ̓́κος tò ắkos	τὼ ᾰ̓́κει / ᾰ̓́κεε tṑ ắkei / ắkee	τᾰ̀ ᾰ̓́κεᾰ tằ ắkeă
Vocative	ᾰ̓́κος ắkos	ᾰ̓́κει / ᾰ̓́κεε ắkei / ắkee	ᾰ̓́κεᾰ ắkeă
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

ἀκέομαι (akéomai)
πανακής (panakḗs)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄκος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 54-5

“ἄκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἄκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἄκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
ἄκος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- amends idem, page 27.
- antidote idem, page 32.
- balm idem, page 60.
- cure idem, page 190.
- healing idem, page 391.
- medicine idem, page 521.
- mitigation idem, page 536.
- palliative idem, page 590.
- redress idem, page 684.
- remedy idem, page 692.
- reparation idem, page 695.

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄκος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 54-5

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