ἄτρακτος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἄδρακτος (ádraktos), ἀτρακίς (atrakís)

Etymology

Has been derived from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ-, with cognates including Sanskrit तर्कु (tarku), Albanian dredh and Latin torqueō. However, there are some problems with these connections, such as expecting a π (p) instead of κ (k) from *kʷ. According to Beekes, it is rather a Pre-Greek word; this may find support in ἄδρακτος (ádraktos) and ἀτρακίς (atrakís), if the variation κ/κτ is old and not due to simplification.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.trak.tos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.trak.tos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.trak.tos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.trak.tos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.trak.tos/

Noun

ἄτρακτος • (átraktos) m or f (genitive ἀτράκτου); second declension

spindle
Synonyms: κλωστήρ (klōstḗr), νῆτρον (nêtron)
arrow
upper part of a ship's mast
(surgery) spindle-shaped cautery

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ, ἡ ἄτρακτος; τοῦ, τῆς ἀτράκτου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ ἄτρακτος ho, hē átraktos	τὼ ἀτράκτω tṑ atráktō	οἱ, αἱ ἄτρακτοι hoi, hai átraktoi
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς ἀτράκτου toû, tês atráktou	τοῖν ἀτράκτοιν toîn atráktoin	τῶν ἀτράκτων tôn atráktōn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ ἀτράκτῳ tōî, tēî atráktōi	τοῖν ἀτράκτοιν toîn atráktoin	τοῖς, ταῖς ἀτράκτοις toîs, taîs atráktois
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν ἄτρακτον tòn, tḕn átrakton	τὼ ἀτράκτω tṑ atráktō	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς ἀτράκτους toùs, tā̀s atráktous
Vocative	ἄτρακτε átrakte	ἀτράκτω atráktō	ἄτρακτοι átraktoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἀτράκτιον (atráktion)
ἀτρακτοειδής (atraktoeidḗs)
ἀτρακτυλίς (atraktulís)
ἀτρακτώδης (atraktṓdēs)

Descendants

> Greek: άτρακτος (átraktos) (inherited)
→ Translingual: Atractus