torqueo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *torkʷeō, from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to turn”).[1]

Cognates include Latin trīcae, trepidus, turpis, Sanskrit तर्कु (tarkú), Hittite 𒋻𒌑𒍣 (tarúzi) and Old Church Slavonic тракъ (trakŭ). See also English torch, torque, thwart, queer.

Pronunciation

Verb

torqueō (present infinitive torquēre, perfect active torsī, supine tortum); second conjugation

  1. to spin, whirl, twirl, turn, cause to revolve
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.481–482:
      “[...] ubi maximus Atlās / axem humerō torquet stēllīs ārdentibus aptum.”
      “[...] where colossal Atlas turns on his shoulder the pole [of heaven] studded with blazing stars.”
  2. to twist, wind, bend awry, distort
  3. to hurl violently, twirl (around the head to throw), fling
  4. to torment, torture

Conjugation

   Conjugation of torqueō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present torqueō torquēs torquet torquēmus torquētis torquent
imperfect torquēbam torquēbās torquēbat torquēbāmus torquēbātis torquēbant
future torquēbō torquēbis torquēbit torquēbimus torquēbitis torquēbunt
perfect torsī torsistī torsit torsimus torsistis torsērunt,
torsēre
pluperfect torseram torserās torserat torserāmus torserātis torserant
future perfect torserō torseris torserit torserimus torseritis torserint
passive present torqueor torquēris,
torquēre 		torquētur torquēmur torquēminī torquentur
imperfect torquēbar torquēbāris,
torquēbāre 		torquēbātur torquēbāmur torquēbāminī torquēbantur
future torquēbor torquēberis,
torquēbere 		torquēbitur torquēbimur torquēbiminī torquēbuntur
perfect tortus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect tortus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect tortus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present torqueam torqueās torqueat torqueāmus torqueātis torqueant
imperfect torquērem torquērēs torquēret torquērēmus torquērētis torquērent
perfect torserim torserīs torserit torserīmus torserītis torserint
pluperfect torsissem torsissēs torsisset torsissēmus torsissētis torsissent
passive present torquear torqueāris,
torqueāre 		torqueātur torqueāmur torqueāminī torqueantur
imperfect torquērer torquērēris,
torquērēre 		torquērētur torquērēmur torquērēminī torquērentur
perfect tortus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect tortus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — torquē — — torquēte —
future — torquētō torquētō — torquētōte torquentō
passive present — torquēre — — torquēminī —
future — torquētor torquētor — — torquentor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present torquēre torquērī,
torquērier1 		torquēns —
future tortūrum esse tortum īrī tortūrus torquendus
perfect torsisse tortum esse — tortus
future perfect — tortum fore — —
perfect potential tortūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
torquendī torquendō torquendum torquendō tortum tortū

1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Vulgar Latin: *torcere (see there for further descendants)
  • → English: torque
  • →? Welsh: terchu

References

  • “torqueo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “torqueo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • torqueo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to suffer torments of expectation, delay: exspectatione torqueri, cruciari
  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 624
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