torculum

Latin

Etymology

From torqueō (“twist”) +‎ -ulum (instrument noun suffix).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtɔr.kʊ.ɫũː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt̪ɔr.ku.lum]

Noun

torculum n (genitive torculī); second declension

a wine or olive oil press

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	torculum	torcula
genitive	torculī	torculōrum
dative	torculō	torculīs
accusative	torculum	torcula
ablative	torculō	torculīs
vocative	torculum	torcula

Derived terms

torculō

Descendants

Italo-Romance:
- Italian: torchio
North Italian:
- Friulian: turchi
- Lombard: torcc
- Piedmontese: torcc
- Romansch: torchel
- Venetan: tòrcoło, tòrcol — Belluno
Vulgar Latin: *troculum
- Catalan: trull
  - → Spanish: trullo
- Old French: truil, troil, treil, treuil
  - French: treuil
  - → Sicilian: trugghiu
- Occitan: truèlh, truòlh
- >? Galician: trollo, trolho (reintegrationist) (etymology 2)
Borrowings:
- → Albanian: tork
- → Catalan: tòrcul
- → Old High German: torcula
  - German: Torkel
- → Italian: torcolo (archaic)
- → Portuguese: tórculo
- → Spanish: tórculo

References

Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “estrujar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 815
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “tŏrcŭlum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 13: To–Tyrus, page 43

Further reading

“torculum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
torculum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.