ἑταῖρος

See also: εταίρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

PIE word
*swé

From a t-extension of Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”). Related to ἔτης (étēs, “clansman”).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

ἑταῖρος • (hetaîros) m (genitive ἑταίρου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine)

  1. comrade, companion, partner, friend
  2. pupil, disciple
  3. member of a religious guild
  4. (rarely) lover, member of a pair of lovers
  5. (in the plural) the guards i.e. the cavalry of the Macedonian kings
  6. (as an adjective) associate of

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ἑταῖρος; τοῦ ἑταίρου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ ἑταῖρος
ho hetaîros 		τὼ ἑταίρω
tṑ hetaírō 		οἱ ἑταῖροι
hoi hetaîroi
Genitive τοῦ ἑταίρου
toû hetaírou 		τοῖν ἑταίροιν
toîn hetaíroin 		τῶν ἑταίρων
tôn hetaírōn
Dative τῷ ἑταίρῳ
tōî hetaírōi 		τοῖν ἑταίροιν
toîn hetaíroin 		τοῖς ἑταίροις
toîs hetaírois
Accusative τὸν ἑταῖρον
tòn hetaîron 		τὼ ἑταίρω
tṑ hetaírō 		τοὺς ἑταίρους
toùs hetaírous
Vocative ἑταῖρε
hetaîre 		ἑταίρω
hetaírō 		ἑταῖροι
hetaîroi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
Second declension of ἑταῖρος; ἑταίρου (Epic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἑταῖρος
hetaîros 		ἑταίρω
hetaírō 		ἑταῖροι
hetaîroi
Genitive ἑταίρου / ἑταιροῖο / ἑταίροιο / ἑταιρόο / ἑταίροο
hetaírou / hetairoîo / hetaíroio / hetairóo / hetaíroo 		ἑταίροιν / ἑταίροιῐν
hetaíroi(ĭ)n 		ἑταίρων
hetaírōn
Dative ἑταίρῳ
hetaírōi 		ἑταίροιν / ἑταίροιῐν
hetaíroi(ĭ)n 		ἑταίροισῐ / ἑταίροισῐν / ἑταίροις
hetaíroisĭ(n) / hetaírois
Accusative ἑταῖρον
hetaîron 		ἑταίρω
hetaírō 		ἑταίρους
hetaírous
Vocative ἑταῖρε
hetaîre 		ἑταίρω
hetaírō 		ἑταῖροι
hetaîroi
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Synonyms

  • (feminine) ἑταίρᾱ (hetaírā), ἑταίρη (hetaírē) (Ionic), ἑτᾰ́ρη (hetắrē) (Epic), ἑταιρίς (hetairís)

Derived terms

  • ἑταιρεία (hetaireía)
  • ἑταιρεῖος (hetaireîos)
  • ἑταιρεύομαι (hetaireúomai)
  • ἑταιρέω (hetairéō)
  • ἑταίρησις (hetaírēsis)
  • ἑταιρίζω (hetairízō)
  • ἑταιρικός (hetairikós)
  • ἑταίρισμα (hetaírisma)
  • ἑταιρισμός (hetairismós)
  • ἑταιριστής (hetairistḗs)
  • ἑταιροσύνη (hetairosúnē)

Descendants

  • → English: hetairos (learned)
  • → Greek: εταίρος (etaíros) (learned)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἑταῖρος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 473-4

Further reading

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