ἴασπις

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A loanword of unclear source, but possibly Egyptian in origin. Compare Biblical Hebrew יָשְׁפֵה (yāšəfēh, “jasper”), Amarna Akkadian 𒉌𒌓𒅀𒀸𒁍 (/⁠yašpû⁠/, “name of a stone”) (whence Classical Syriac ܝܫܦܐ (jaʃpɑ(ʔ), “jasper”)). Persian (yašp) is from the same source.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /í.as.pis/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈi.as.pis/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.as.pis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.as.pis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.as.pis/

Noun

ῐ̓́ᾰσπῐς • (ĭ́ăspĭs) f (genitive ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδος); third declension

jasper
black turnip (Bongardia chrysogonum)
Synonyms: ἀρκόφθαλμον (arkóphthalmon), χρῡσόγονον (khrūsógonon)

Declension

Third declension of ἡ ῐ̓́ᾰσπῐς; τῆς ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ῐ̓́ᾰσπῐς hē ĭ́ăspĭs	τὼ ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδε tṑ ĭắspĭde	αἱ ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδες hai ĭắspĭdes
Genitive	τῆς ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδος tês ĭắspĭdos	τοῖν ῐ̓ᾰσπῐ́δοιν toîn ĭăspĭ́doin	τῶν ῐ̓ᾰσπῐ́δων tôn ĭăspĭ́dōn
Dative	τῇ ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδῐ tēî ĭắspĭdĭ	τοῖν ῐ̓ᾰσπῐ́δοιν toîn ĭăspĭ́doin	ταῖς ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐσῐ / ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐσῐν taîs ĭắspĭsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδᾰ tḕn ĭắspĭdă	τὼ ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδε tṑ ĭắspĭde	τᾱ̀ς ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδᾰς tā̀s ĭắspĭdăs
Vocative	ῐ̓́ᾰσπῐς ĭ́ăspĭs	ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδε ĭắspĭde	ῐ̓ᾰ́σπῐδες ĭắspĭdes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Derived terms

ἰασπαχάτης (iaspakhátēs)
ἰασπίζω (iaspízō)
ἰασπόνυξ (iaspónux)

Descendants

Latin: iaspis, jaspis (see there for further descendants)
Old Armenian: յասպիս (yaspis), յասպի (yaspi)
Georgian: იასპი (iasṗi)