ἴον

See also: -ιον, ιόν, and ἰόν

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Related to Latin viola, both from a common (unknown) Mediterranean substrate.[1] Originally *ϝίον (*wíon).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

ῐ̓́ον • (ĭ́on) n (genitive ῐ̓́ου); second declension

  1. violet, namely sweet violet (Viola odorata)
  2. synonym of κρίνον (krínon, “white lily”)
  3. any flower
  4. (Koine) a precious stone of dark colour

Declension

Second declension of τὸ ῐ̓́ον; τοῦ ῐ̓́ου (Heterocliton with plural dative: ῑ̓ᾰ́σῐ, Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ ῐ̓́ον
tò ĭ́on 		τὼ ῐ̓́ω
tṑ ĭ́ō 		τᾰ̀ ῐ̓́ᾰ
tằ ĭ́ă
Genitive τοῦ ῐ̓́ου
toû ĭ́ou 		τοῖν ῐ̓́οιν
toîn ĭ́oin 		τῶν ῐ̓́ων
tôn ĭ́ōn
Dative τῷ ῐ̓́ῳ
tōî ĭ́ōi 		τοῖν ῐ̓́οιν
toîn ĭ́oin 		τοῖς ῐ̓́οις / ῑ̓ᾰ́σῐ
toîs ĭ́ois / īắsĭ
Accusative τὸ ῐ̓́ον
tò ĭ́on 		τὼ ῐ̓́ω
tṑ ĭ́ō 		τᾰ̀ ῐ̓́ᾰ
tằ ĭ́ă
Vocative ῐ̓́ον
ĭ́on 		ῐ̓́ω
ĭ́ō 		ῐ̓́ᾰ
ĭ́ă
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἴον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 594

Further reading

  • “ἴον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “ἴον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ἴον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • “ἴον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
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