ῥέμβω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *wremb-, a nasal-infixed form of *werb- (“to turn, twist, bend”), from *wer-, and compared with Middle Low German wrimpen, Lithuanian reñgtis, Latin vertō (“to turn, bend”), Old English weorpan (“to throw away”), English versus.

However, Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin instead, based on the strange structure of the supposed Indo-European root, as well as interchange in labials π/β/φ of the word's derivatives and relatives, and assigns a Pre-Greek origin.[1]

On the other hand, Kroonen maintains an Indo-European origin, deriving the Greek from *wremgʷ-, a nasal-infixed form of a root *wergʷ- (“to bend, spin, warp”), comparing Proto-Germanic *werpaną (“to throw, cast”).[2]

Pronunciation

 

Verb

ῥέμβω • (rhémbō)

  1. to turn in circles
    • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, 19 134
  2. (middle voice) to roam, rove about
    1. (figuratively) to be unsteady, act at random

Inflection

   Present: ῥέμβω, ῥέμβομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ῥέμβω ῥέμβεις ῥέμβει ῥέμβετον ῥέμβετον ῥέμβομεν ῥέμβετε ῥέμβουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ῥέμβω ῥέμβῃς ῥέμβῃ ῥέμβητον ῥέμβητον ῥέμβωμεν ῥέμβητε ῥέμβωσῐ(ν)
optative ῥέμβοιμῐ ῥέμβοις ῥέμβοι ῥέμβοιτον ῥεμβοίτην ῥέμβοιμεν ῥέμβοιτε ῥέμβοιεν
imperative   ῥέμβε ῥεμβέτω ῥέμβετον ῥεμβέτων   ῥέμβετε ῥεμβόντων
middle/
passive 		indicative ῥέμβομαι ῥέμβῃ / ῥέμβει ῥέμβεται ῥέμβεσθον ῥέμβεσθον ῥεμβόμεθᾰ ῥέμβεσθε ῥέμβονται
subjunctive ῥέμβωμαι ῥέμβῃ ῥέμβηται ῥέμβησθον ῥέμβησθον ῥεμβώμεθᾰ ῥέμβησθε ῥέμβωνται
optative ῥεμβοίμην ῥέμβοιο ῥέμβοιτο ῥέμβοισθον ῥεμβοίσθην ῥεμβοίμεθᾰ ῥέμβοισθε ῥέμβοιντο
imperative   ῥέμβου ῥεμβέσθω ῥέμβεσθον ῥεμβέσθων   ῥέμβεσθε ῥεμβέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive ῥέμβειν ῥέμβεσθαι
participle m ῥέμβων ῥεμβόμενος
f ῥέμβουσᾰ ῥεμβομένη
n ῥέμβον ῥεμβόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἔρρεμβον, ἐρρεμβόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔρρεμβον ἔρρεμβες ἔρρεμβε(ν) ἐρρέμβετον ἐρρεμβέτην ἐρρέμβομεν ἐρρέμβετε ἔρρεμβον
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐρρεμβόμην ἐρρέμβου ἐρρέμβετο ἐρρέμβεσθον ἐρρεμβέσθην ἐρρεμβόμεθᾰ ἐρρέμβεσθε ἐρρέμβοντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἐρρέμφθην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
passive indicative ἐρρέμφθην ἐρρέμφθης ἐρρέμφθη ἐρρέμφθητον ἐρρεμφθήτην ἐρρέμφθημεν ἐρρέμφθητε ἐρρέμφθησᾰν
subjunctive ῥεμφθῶ ῥεμφθῇς ῥεμφθῇ ῥεμφθῆτον ῥεμφθῆτον ῥεμφθῶμεν ῥεμφθῆτε ῥεμφθῶσῐ(ν)
optative ῥεμφθείην ῥεμφθείης ῥεμφθείη ῥεμφθεῖτον / ῥεμφθείητον ῥεμφθείτην / ῥεμφθειήτην ῥεμφθεῖμεν / ῥεμφθείημεν ῥεμφθεῖτε / ῥεμφθείητε ῥεμφθεῖεν / ῥεμφθείησᾰν
imperative   ῥέμφθητῐ ῥεμφθήτω ῥέμφθητον ῥεμφθήτων   ῥέμφθητε ῥεμφθέντων
passive
infinitive ῥεμφθῆναι
participle m ῥεμφθείς
f ῥεμφθεῖσᾰ
n ῥεμφθέν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

  • ἀπορρέμβομαι (aporrhémbomai)
  • διαρρέμβομαι (diarrhémbomai)
  • περιρρέμβομαι (perirrhémbomai)
  • συρρέμβομαι (surrhémbomai)
  • ὑπορέμβομαι (huporémbomai)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “*ῥέμβομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1280
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*werpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 581

Further reading

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