ⳉⲱⲡⲉ

Coptic

Alternative forms

ϣⲱⲡⲉ (šōpe) — Sahidic, Lycopolitan, Old Coptic
ϣⲱⲡⲓ (šōpi) — Bohairic, Fayyumic
ⳋⲱⲡⲉ (çōpe) — Dialect P
ⳃⲱⲡⲉ (çōpe) — Proto-Lycopolitan

Etymology

From Demotic ḫpr, from Egyptian

(ḫpr, “to become”).

Verb

ⳉⲱⲡⲉ • (xōpe) (stative ⳉⲟⲟⲡ)

(Akhmimic, intransitive) to become, befall
(Akhmimic, stative) to be, exist

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⳉⲱⲡⲉ (Akhmimic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ⳉⲱⲡⲉ xōpe	imperative	affirmative	ⳉⲱⲡⲉ xōpe
infinitive	negative	ⲧⲙ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ tm̄xōpe, tm̄n̄xōpe	imperative	negative	ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄n̄xōpe

		singular					plural			nominal
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
present	basic	ϯⳉⲱⲡⲉ tixōpe	ⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ kxōpe	ⲧⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ texōpe	ϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ fxōpe	ⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ sxōpe	ⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ tn̄xōpe	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ tetn̄xōpe	ⲥⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ sexōpe	ⳉⲱⲡⲉ xōpe
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ eïxōpe	ⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ ekxōpe	ⲉⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ erexōpe	ⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ efxōpe	ⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ esxōpe	ⲉⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ enxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄xōpe	ⲉⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ euxōpe	ⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ e- xōpe, ere- xōpe
	relative	ⲉϯⳉⲱⲡⲉ etixōpe	ⲉⲧⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ etkxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexōpe, eterexōpe	ⲉⲧϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ etfxōpe	ⲉⲧⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ etsxōpe	ⲉⲧⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ etnxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ etouxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ ete- xōpe, etere- xōpe
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ naïxōpe	ⲛⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ nakxōpe	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ narexōpe	ⲛⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nafxōpe	ⲛⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nasxōpe	ⲛⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ nanxōpe	ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ natetn̄xōpe	ⲛⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ nauxōpe	ⲛⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ na- xōpe, nare- xōpe
	focalising	ⲁⲓⳉⲱⲡⲉ aixōpe	ⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ akxōpe	ⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ arexōpe	ⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ afxōpe	ⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ asxōpe	ⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ anxōpe	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ aretenxōpe	ⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ auxōpe	ⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲁⲣ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ a- xōpe, ar- xōpe, are- xōpe
future	basic	ϯⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ tinaxōpe	ⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ knaxōpe	ⲧⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ tenaxōpe	ϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ fnaxōpe	ⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ snaxōpe	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ tn̄naxōpe	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ tetnaxōpe	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ senaxōpe	ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ naxōpe
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ eïnaxōpe	ⲉⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ eknaxōpe	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ erenaxōpe	ⲉϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ efnaxōpe	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ esnaxōpe	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ ennaxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ etetnaxōpe	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ eunaxōpe	ⲉ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ e- naxōpe
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ etinaxōpe	ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ etknaxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ etenaxōpe, eterenaxōpe	ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ etfnaxōpe	ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ etsnaxōpe	ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ etnnaxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ etetnaxōpe	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ etounaxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ ete- naxōpe
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ naïnaxōpe	ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ naknaxōpe	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ narenaxōpe	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ nafnaxōpe	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ nasnaxōpe	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ nannaxōpe	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ netetnaxōpe	ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ naunaxōpe	ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ na- naxōpe
	focalising	ⲁⲓⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ ainaxōpe	ⲁⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ aknaxōpe, eknaxōpe	ⲁⲣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ araxōpe	ⲁϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ afnaxōpe	ⲁⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ asnaxōpe	ⲁⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ annaxōpe	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ aretennaxōpe	ⲁⲩⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ aunaxōpe	ⲁ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ a- naxōpe, are- naxōpe
negated with		… ⲉⲛ … en
non-durative sentence
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
past	basic affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ aïxōpe	ⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ akxōpe	ⲁⲣⳉⲱⲡⲉ arxōpe	ⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ afxōpe	ⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ asxōpe	ⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ anxōpe	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ atetn̄xōpe	ⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ auxōpe	ⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ a- xōpe
	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄pixōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄pk̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄pexōpe, m̄pr̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄pf̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄ps̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄pn̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄petn̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄pouxōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄pe- xōpe
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ eaïxōpe	ⲉⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ eakxōpe	ⲉⲁⲣⳉⲱⲡⲉ earxōpe	ⲉⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ eafxōpe	ⲉⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ easxōpe	ⲉⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ eanxōpe	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ eatetn̄xōpe	ⲉⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ eauxōpe	ⲉⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ ea- xōpe
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄pixōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄pk̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄pexōpe, em̄pr̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄pf̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄ps̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄pn̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄petn̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄pouxōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄pe- xōpe
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etaïxōpe	ⲉⲧⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ etakxōpe	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⳉⲱⲡⲉ etarxōpe	ⲉⲧⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ etafxōpe	ⲉⲧⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ etasxōpe	ⲉⲧⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ etanxōpe	ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etatetn̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ etauxōpe	ⲉⲧⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ eta- xōpe
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pixōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pk̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pexōpe, etem̄pr̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pf̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄ps̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pn̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄petn̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pouxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pe- xōpe
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ neaïxōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ neakxōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⳉⲱⲡⲉ nearxōpe	ⲛⲉⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ neafxōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ neasxōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ neanxōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ neatetn̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ neauxōpe	ⲛⲉⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nea- xōpe
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pixōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pk̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pexōpe, nem̄pr̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pf̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄ps̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pn̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄petn̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pouxōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pe- xōpe
	focalising affirmative	ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ naïxōpe	ⲛⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ nakxōpe	ⲛⲁⲣⳉⲱⲡⲉ narxōpe	ⲛⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nafxōpe	ⲛⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nasxōpe	ⲛⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ nanxōpe	ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ natetn̄xōpe	ⲛⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ nauxōpe	ⲛⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ na- xōpe
expectative	basic negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄patixōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄patk̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄patexōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄patf̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄pats̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄patn̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄patetn̄xōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄patouxōpe	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ m̄pate- xōpe
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄patixōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄patk̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄patexōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄patf̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄pats̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄patn̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄patetn̄xōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄patouxōpe	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ em̄pate- xōpe
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patixōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patk̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patexōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patf̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pats̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patn̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patetn̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patouxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pate- xōpe
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patixōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patk̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patexōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patf̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pats̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patn̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patetn̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patouxōpe	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pate- xōpe
aorist	basic affirmative	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ xareïxōpe	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ xarekxōpe	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ xarexōpe	ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ xarefxōpe	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ xaresxōpe	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ xarenxōpe	ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ xaretetn̄xōpe	ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ xarouxōpe	ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ xare- xōpe
	basic negative	ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ maïxōpe	ⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ makxōpe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ marexōpe	ⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ mafxōpe	ⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ masxōpe	ⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ manxōpe	ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ matetn̄xōpe	ⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ mauxōpe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ mare- xōpe, ma- xōpe
	circumstantial affirmative	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ exareïxōpe	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ exarekxōpe	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ exarexōpe	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ exarefxōpe	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ exaresxōpe	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ exarenxōpe	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ exaretetn̄xōpe	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ exarouxōpe	ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ exare- xōpe
	circumstantial negative	ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ emaïxōpe	ⲉⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ emakxōpe	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ emarexōpe	ⲉⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ emafxōpe	ⲉⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ emasxōpe	ⲉⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ emanxōpe	ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ ematetn̄xōpe	ⲉⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ emauxōpe	ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ emare- xōpe, ema- xōpe
	relative affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexareïxōpe, etxareïxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexarekxōpe, etxarekxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexarexōpe, etxarexōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexarefxōpe, etxarefxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexaresxōpe, etxaresxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexarenxōpe, etxarenxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexaretetn̄xōpe, etxaretetn̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexarouxōpe, etxarouxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etexare- xōpe, etxare- xōpe
	relative negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etemaïxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ etemakxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ etemarexōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ etemafxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ etemasxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ etemanxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etematetn̄xōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ etemauxōpe	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ etemare- xōpe, etema- xōpe
	preterite affirmative	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexareïxōpe	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexarekxōpe	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexarexōpe	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexarefxōpe	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexaresxōpe	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexarenxōpe	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexaretetn̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexarouxōpe	ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexare- xōpe
	preterite negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nemaïxōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ nemakxōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ nemarexōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nemafxōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nemasxōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ nemanxōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nematetn̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ nemauxōpe	ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ nemare- xōpe, nema- xōpe
	focalising affirmative	ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ amaïxōpe	ⲁⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ amakxōpe	ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ amarexōpe	ⲁⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ amafxōpe	ⲁⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ amasxōpe	ⲁⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ amanxōpe	ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ amatetn̄xōpe	ⲁⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ amauxōpe	ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ amare- xōpe, ma- xōpe
optative	basic affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ aïaxōpe	ⲁⲕⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ akaxōpe	ⲁⲣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ araxōpe	ⲁϥⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ afaxōpe	ⲁⲥⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ asaxōpe	ⲁⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ anaxōpe	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ atetnaxōpe	ⲁⲩⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ auaxōpe	ⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ a- xōpe
optative	basic affirmative	ⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ naxōpe, enaxōpe	ⲛⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ nekxōpe, enekxōpe	ⲛⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ nexōpe, enexōpe	ⲛⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nefxōpe, enefxōpe	ⲛⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ nesxōpe, enesxōpe	ⲛⲉⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ nenxōpe, enenxōpe	ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ netn̄xōpe, enetn̄xōpe	ⲛⲉⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ neuxōpe, eneuxōpe	ⲛⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ ne- xōpe
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓⳉⲱⲡⲉ marixōpe	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ marefxōpe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ maresxōpe	ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ marn̄xōpe	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ marouxōpe	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ mare- xōpe
jussive	basic affirmative	ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ mn̄taxōpe	(use imperative)		ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ mn̄tf̄xōpe	ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ mn̄ts̄xōpe	ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ mn̄tn̄xōpe	(use imperative)	ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ mn̄touxōpe	ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ mn̄te- xōpe
subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ	-
conjunctive		ⲧⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ taxōpe	ⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ kxōpe	ⲧⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ texōpe	ϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ fxōpe, n̄tfxōpe	ⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ sxōpe	ⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ tn̄xōpe	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ tetn̄xōpe	ⲥⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲥⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ sexōpe, souxōpe	ⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ te- xōpe
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁⲣⲓⳉⲱⲡⲉ tarixōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ tarekxōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ tarexōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ tarefxōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ taresxōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ tarn̄xōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ taretetn̄xōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ tarouxōpe	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ tare- xōpe
precursive		ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⳉⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarixōpe, tarixōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarekxōpe, tarekxōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarexōpe, tarexōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarefxōpe, tarefxōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ n̄taresxōpe, taresxōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarn̄xōpe, tarn̄xōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ n̄taretn̄xōpe, taretn̄xōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarouxōpe, tarouxōpe	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ n̄tare- xōpe, tare- xōpe
limitative		ϣⲁϯⳉⲱⲡⲉ šatixōpe	ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ šatk̄xōpe	ϣⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ šatexōpe	ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ šatf̄xōpe	ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ šats̄xōpe	ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ šatn̄xōpe	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ šatetn̄xōpe	ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ šatouxōpe	ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ šate- xōpe
conditional	long	ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ aïšaxōpe, eïšaxōpe	ⲁⲕϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲕϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ akšaxōpe, ekšaxōpe	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ arešaxōpe, erešaxōpe	ⲁϥϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϥϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ afšaxōpe, efšaxōpe	ⲁⲥϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲥϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ asšaxōpe, esšaxōpe	ⲁⲛϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ anšaxōpe, enšaxōpe	ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ ašatetn̄xōpe, ešatetn̄xōpe	ⲁⲩϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲩϣⲁⳉⲱⲡⲉ aušaxōpe, eušaxōpe	ⲁϣⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ aša- xōpe, eša- xōpe
conditional	short	ⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⲡⲉ aïxōpe	ⲁⲕⳉⲱⲡⲉ akxōpe	ⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⲡⲉ arexōpe	ⲁϥⳉⲱⲡⲉ afxōpe	ⲁⲥⳉⲱⲡⲉ asxōpe	ⲁⲛⳉⲱⲡⲉ anxōpe	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⲡⲉ atetn̄xōpe	ⲁⲩⳉⲱⲡⲉ auxōpe	ⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⲡⲉ are- xōpe
negated with		ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄-

Derived terms

ⲧⳉⲡⲟ (txpo, “to beget”) (causative)