佳人

Chinese

		excellent	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (佳人)		佳	人

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiārén

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaai¹ jan⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gai¹ ngin³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ka-jîn / ka-lîn / kee-jîn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiārén
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiarén
  - Wade–Giles: chia¹-jên²
  - Yale: jyā-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaren
  - Palladius: цзяжэнь (czjažɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    佳人
    家人
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaai¹ jan⁴
  - Yale: gāai yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaai¹ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: gai¹ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːi̯⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gai¹ ngin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai³³ ᵑɡin²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: ka-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kajiin
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ zin²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-lîn
  - Tâi-lô: ka-lîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaliin
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ka³³ lin²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² lin²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ lin²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kee-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: kee-jîn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zin¹³/

Middle Chinese: kea nyin

Rime
Character	佳	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	古膎切	如鄰切
Baxter	kea	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛ/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæ/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/kæi/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨj/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/kɛ/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/kai/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kai/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiā	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaai¹	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤre ni[ŋ]/

(Zhengzhang): /*kreː njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	佳	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jia	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ kɛ ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁre/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	good	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	佳	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4531	10800
Phonetic component	圭	人
Rime group	支	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	佳	仁
Old Chinese	/*kreː/	/*njin/

Noun

佳人

beautiful woman
(literary) good person (of upright character)

Synonyms

(beautiful woman):

佳麗 / 佳丽 (jiālì) (literary)
出水芙蓉 (chūshuǐfúróng) (figurative)
嫭 (hù) (literary)
嬌 / 娇 (jiāo)
尤物 (yóuwù)
紅顏 / 红颜 (hóngyán) (literary, figurative)
美人 (měirén)
美女 (měinǚ)
行雨 (xíngyǔ) (literary, figurative)
靚女 / 靓女 (chiefly Cantonese)
麗人 / 丽人 (lìrén) (literary)

Dialectal synonyms of 美女 (“beautiful woman”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		美女, 美人, 佳人, 佳麗, 麗人, 紅顏, 嬋娟, 尤物
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		美女, 美人, 佳人, 尤物
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	美人兒
	Taiwan	美女
	Singapore	美女
Cantonese	Guangzhou	靚女
	Hong Kong	靚女
	Taishan	靚女
	Kaiping (Chikan)	靚女
	Dongguan	靚女
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	靚女
	Singapore (Guangfu)	靚女
Hakka	Meixian	標緻妹仔, 靚妹仔, 靚女
Hakka	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	靚女
Southern Min	Xiamen	媠查某
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	媠查某
	Quanzhou	媠查某
	Anxi	媠查某
	Zhangzhou	媠查某
	Zhao'an	媠查某
	Singapore (Hokkien)	媠查某, 俏母
	Manila (Hokkien)	媠查某
	Shantou	雅諸娘
	Jieyang	雅諸娘, 雅儂
	Leizhou	顯娘
	Wenchang	靚母
	Singapore (Hainanese)	靚母
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	靚妹

(good person):

Dialectal synonyms of 好人 (“good person”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		好人, 佳人
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		好人
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	好人
Northeastern Mandarin	Singapore	好人
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	好人
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	好人
Cantonese	Hong Kong	好人
Cantonese	Singapore (Guangfu)	好人
Gan	Nanchang	好人
Huizhou	Jixi	好人
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	好儂
Southern Min	Xiamen	好儂
	Singapore (Hokkien)	好儂
	Manila (Hokkien)	好儂
	Jieyang	好囝
	Singapore (Teochew)	好儂
	Haikou	好儂
	Singapore (Hainanese)	好儂
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	好人
Wu	Danyang	好人
Wu	Jinhua	好人

Derived terms

二八佳人 (èrbājiārén)
佳人薄命 (jiārénbómìng)
才子佳人 (cáizǐ jiārén)
紅粉佳人 / 红粉佳人 (hóngfěnjiārén)
絕色佳人 / 绝色佳人 (juésèjiārén)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (佳人):

→ Japanese: 佳(か)人(じん) (kajin)
→ Korean: 가인(佳人) (gain)
→ Vietnamese: giai nhân (佳人)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
佳	人
か Grade: S	じん Grade: 1
on'yomi

Noun

佳(か)人(じん) • (kajin)

beautiful woman