共生

Chinese

		all together; in while; to share all together; in while; to share; common; general; together; total	to be born; to give birth; life to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw
simp. and trad. (共生)		共	生
Literally: “mutual living”.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gòngshēng

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄕㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gung⁶ sang¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiōng-seng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gòngshēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄕㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gòngsheng
  - Wade–Giles: kung⁴-shêng¹
  - Yale: gùng-shēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gonqsheng
  - Palladius: гуншэн (gunšɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gung⁶ sang¹
  - Yale: guhng sāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gung⁶ sang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gung⁶ seng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ²² sɐŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiōng-seng
  - Tâi-lô: kiōng-sing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kioxngsefng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² siɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

Verb

共生

(biology) to live together; to maintain symbiosis
(geology) to have intergrowth

Derived terms

共生礦 / 共生矿

Noun

共生

(biology) symbiosis

Derived terms

共生物 (gòngshēngwù)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
共	生
きょう Grade: 4	せい Grade: 1
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きょーせー [kyòóséé] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ːse̞ː]

Noun

共(きょう)生(せい) • (kyōsei) ^{←きようせい (kyousei)^?}

(ecology) symbiosis

See also

相(そう)利(り)共(きょう)生(せい) (sōri kyōsei)
片(へん)利(り)共(きょう)生(せい) (henri kyōsei)
変(へん)態(たい)共(きょう)生(せい) (hentai kyōsei)
寄(き)生(せい) (kisei)

Korean

Hanja in this term
共	生

Noun

共生 • (gongsaeng) (hangeul 공생)

hanja form^? of 공생 (“symbiosis”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
共	生

Noun

共生

chữ Hán form of cộng sinh (“symbiosis”)