削減
See also: 削减
Chinese
to reduce; to pare (away); to cut (down) to reduce; to pare (away); to cut (down); to scrape |
to lower; to decrease; to reduce to lower; to decrease; to reduce; to subtract; to diminish | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (削減) | 削 | 減 | |
| simp. (削减) | 削 | 减 | |
| anagram | 減削／减削 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xuējiǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝ ㄐㄧㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syuejiǎn
- Wade–Giles: hsüeh1-chien3
- Yale: sywē-jyǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuejean
- Palladius: сюэцзянь (sjueczjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xuèjiǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˋ ㄐㄧㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syuèjiǎn
- Wade–Giles: hsüeh4-chien3
- Yale: sywè-jyǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuehjean
- Palladius: сюэцзянь (sjueczjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: soek3 gaam2
- Yale: seuk gáam
- Cantonese Pinyin: soek8 gaam2
- Guangdong Romanization: sêg3 gam2
- Sinological IPA (key): /sœːk̚³ kaːm³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siah-kiám
- Tâi-lô: siah-kiám
- Phofsit Daibuun: siahkiarm
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kiam⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kiam⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sia(ʔ)⁵ kiam⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siok-kiám
- Tâi-lô: siok-kiám
- Phofsit Daibuun: siokkiarm
- IPA (Xiamen): /siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiam⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
Verb
削減
Synonyms
- 削 (literary, or in compounds)
- 壓縮 / 压缩 (yāsuō)
- 損 / 损 (sǔn) (literary, or in compounds)
- 撤 (chè)
- 收縮 / 收缩 (shōusuō)
- 消減 / 消减 (xiāojiǎn)
- 減低 / 减低 (jiǎndī)
- 減削 / 减削 (jiǎnxuè)
- 減少 / 减少 (jiǎnshǎo)
- 減損 / 减损 (jiǎnsǔn)
- 減縮 / 减缩 (jiǎnsuō)
- 減輕 / 减轻 (jiǎnqīng)
- 省卻 / 省却 (shěngquè)
- 砍 (kǎn)
- 緊縮 / 紧缩 (jǐnsuō)
- 縮減 / 缩减 (suōjiǎn)
- 耗
- 裁 (cái)
- 裁汰 (cáitài) (literary)
- 裁減 / 裁减 (cáijiǎn)
- 鐫汰 / 镌汰 (juāntài) (literary)
- 降低 (jiàngdī)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 削 | 減 |
| さく Grade: S |
げん Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
削減 • (sakugen)
- reduction, downsizing, curtailment
- 歳出削減は財政再建に不可欠である。
- Saishutsu sakugen wa zaisei saiken ni fukaketsu de aru.
- Cutting spending is essential to balancing the budget.
- 歳出削減は財政再建に不可欠である。
Verb
削減する • (sakugen suru) transitive suru (stem 削減し (sakugen shi), past 削減した (sakugen shita))
- reduction, downsizing, curtailment
- reduce, downsize, cut, curtail
- 歳出を削減しないのであれば増税はやむを得ない。
- Saishutsu o sakugen shinai no de areba zōzei wa yamu o enai.
- Tax increases are inevitable if we don't reduce spending.
- 歳出を削減しないのであれば増税はやむを得ない。
Conjugation
Conjugation of "削減する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 削減し | さくげんし | sakugen shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 削減し | さくげんし | sakugen shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 削減する | さくげんする | sakugen suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 削減する | さくげんする | sakugen suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 削減すれ | さくげんすれ | sakugen sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 削減せよ¹ 削減しろ² |
さくげんせよ¹ さくげんしろ² |
sakugen seyo¹ sakugen shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 削減される | さくげんされる | sakugen sareru | |
| Causative | 削減させる 削減さす |
さくげんさせる さくげんさす |
sakugen saseru sakugen sasu | |
| Potential | 削減できる | さくげんできる | sakugen dekiru | |
| Volitional | 削減しよう | さくげんしよう | sakugen shiyō | |
| Negative | 削減しない | さくげんしない | sakugen shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 削減せず | さくげんせず | sakugen sezu | |
| Formal | 削減します | さくげんします | sakugen shimasu | |
| Perfective | 削減した | さくげんした | sakugen shita | |
| Conjunctive | 削減して | さくげんして | sakugen shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 削減すれば | さくげんすれば | sakugen sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.