壑

壑	U+58D1, 壑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58D1

← 壐
[U+58D0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

壒 →
[U+58D2]

Translingual

Han character

壑 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 卜水土 (YEG), four-corner 2710₄, composition ⿱㕡土)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 241, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5554
Dae Jaweon: page 480, character 30
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 496, character 2
Unihan data for U+58D1

Chinese

simp. and trad.		壑
2nd round simp.		垥
alternative forms		㕡𧮸

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hè, huò

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˋ, ㄏㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kok³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hok

(Teochew, Peng'im): hag⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hè
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hè
  - Wade–Giles: ho⁴
  - Yale: hè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
  - Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huò
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huò
  - Wade–Giles: huo⁴
  - Yale: hwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huoh
  - Palladius: хо (xo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: kok³
  - Yale: kok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: kog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɔːk̚³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok
  - Tâi-lô: hok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hag⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hak
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hak̚²/

Middle Chinese: xak

Rime
Character	壑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呵各切
Baxter	xak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/hɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/xɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hak̚/
Li Rong	/xɑk̚/
Wang Li	/xɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	he
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hok³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰˤak/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʰaːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	壑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hè
Middle Chinese	‹ xak ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰˁak/
English	moat; canal
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壑
Reading #	1/1
No.	5616
Phonetic component
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	𦞦
Old Chinese	/*qʰaːɡ/

Definitions

壑

mountain valley; narrow ravine; bed of torrent; gully
hole; deep hole with water
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Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

壑

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: かく (kaku)
Kan-on: かく (kaku)
Kan’yō-on: がく (gaku)
Kun: たに (tani, 壑)、あな (ana, 壑)、みぞ (mizo, 壑)

References

“壑”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja

壑 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

壑: Hán Nôm readings: hác

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.