奏でる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 奏 |
| かな Grade: 6 |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 楽でる (rare) |
Etymology
From Old Japanese 奏づ (kanadu), in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern. May be from 掻き撫でる (kakinaderu, “(of a stringed musical instrument) to strum, to pluck”).
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
Pronunciation
Verb
奏でる • (kanaderu) transitive ichidan (stem 奏で (kanade), past 奏でた (kanadeta))
- to play (a musical instrument or piece of music)
- バイオリンを奏でる
- baiorin o kanaderu
- to play the violin
- 君が代を奏でる
- Kimi ga Yo o kanaderu
- to play "Kimi ga Yo"
- バイオリンを奏でる
Conjugation
Conjugation of "奏でる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 奏で | かなで | kanade | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 奏で | かなで | kanade | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 奏でる | かなでる | kanaderu | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 奏でる | かなでる | kanaderu | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 奏でれ | かなでれ | kanadere | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 奏でよ¹ 奏でろ² |
かなでよ¹ かなでろ² |
kanadeyo¹ kanadero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 奏でられる | かなでられる | kanaderareru | |
| Causative | 奏でさせる 奏でさす |
かなでさせる かなでさす |
kanadesaseru kanadesasu | |
| Potential | 奏でられる 奏でれる³ |
かなでられる かなでれる³ |
kanaderareru kanadereru³ | |
| Volitional | 奏でよう | かなでよう | kanadeyō | |
| Negative | 奏でない 奏でぬ 奏でん |
かなでない かなでぬ かなでん |
kanadenai kanadenu kanaden | |
| Negative continuative | 奏でず | かなでず | kanadezu | |
| Formal | 奏でます | かなでます | kanademasu | |
| Perfective | 奏でた | かなでた | kanadeta | |
| Conjunctive | 奏でて | かなでて | kanadete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 奏でれば | かなでれば | kanadereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Synonyms
- 奏する (sōsuru): play an instrument
- 弾く (hiku): play a stringed or keyboard instrument
- 吹く (fuku): play a wind instrument
- 叩く (tataku): play drums
Derived terms
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN