奏

See also: 秦, 奉, and 泰

奏	U+594F, 奏 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-594F

← 奎
[U+594E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

奐 →
[U+5950]

Translingual

Han character

奏 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手大竹大 (QKHK), four-corner 5043₀, composition ⿱𡗗天)

Derived characters

凑, 𠸫, 揍, 湊, 𣉅, 楱, 𤋷, 𬍴, 腠, 𭿅, 𥠬, 𦥇, 𦦅, 𧎝, 𧩻, 𧱪, 𨂡, 輳(辏), 𡔿, 𨨯(𬭟), 𩹀, 𪃆, 𪉮(𬸷), 𦴺, 𥯪

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 251, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5915
Dae Jaweon: page 512, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 537, character 1
Unihan data for U+594F

Chinese

simp. and trad.		奏
alternative forms		𠂑

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 奏
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
奏	*ʔsoːs
凑	*sʰoːs
腠	*sʰoːs
輳	*sʰoːs
楱	sʰoːs, zoːs
湊	*sʰoːs

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): two hands (廾) holding an object, perhaps a musical instrument used during a sacrifical ritual (the lower part of the object originally was similar to 夲).

Otherwise, the whole character depicts two hands collecting resin (桼) dripping from a cut tree (drawn like 屮). The resin is visible at the bottom of the character.

Etymology

Connected to 走 (OC *ʔsoːʔ, *ʔsoːs, “to run”) by Schuessler (2007), though the Baxter-Sagart reconstruction of the Old pronunciations makes a connection less likely. Note, however, similarities to Burmese ဆော့ (hcau., “to play, fiddle with”).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zòu (zou⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zau³
Northern Min (KCR): ce̿
Eastern Min (BUC): cáiu
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chàu / cháu / chò / chò͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): zao³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zòu
  - Wade–Giles: tsou⁴
  - Yale: dzòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzow
  - Palladius: цзоу (czou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zau³
  - Yale: jau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzau³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zeo³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯³³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ce̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡se³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cáiu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑu²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chàu
  - Tâi-lô: tsàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zaux
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sau⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sau¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sau²¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cháu
  - Tâi-lô: tsáu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zao
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sau⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sau⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chò
  - Tâi-lô: tsò
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zoix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡so⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chò͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zox
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ²¹/

Note:

chàu - vernacular;
chò/chò͘ - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zao³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsàu
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sau²¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 奏
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡sou⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡sou⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡sou⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡sou²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡sou⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡sou³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡sou⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡sɯ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡səu¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡sou¹³/
	Ürümqi	/tɤu²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡səu³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡səu¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡səu²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡səu²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡səɯ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡sɯ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡səu⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡səu³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡səu⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡sɤ³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡sɤ⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sei⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡sau⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡so³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡siu⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡səu⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡səɯ⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sɛu⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡seu⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡seu⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sɐu³³/
	Nanning	/t͡sɐu³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sɐu³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡sɔ²¹/ /t͡sau²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡sɑu²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡se³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/zau²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡sɔu³⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsuwH

Rime
Character	奏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	則候切
Baxter	tsuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡səu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡səu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡səu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səw^H/
Li Rong	/t͡su^H/
Wang Li	/t͡səu^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zau³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tsˤo(ʔ)-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsoːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	奏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zòu
Middle Chinese	‹ tsuw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tsˁo(ʔ)-s/
English	bring forward; perform (music)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	奏
Reading #	1/1
No.	17908
Phonetic component
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ʔsoːs/

Definitions

奏

(literary, or in compounds) to offer as tribute; to present with respect; to offer up; to dedicate to
(historical) to present a memorial to an emperor
(literary, or in compounds) to achieve; to gain; to obtain
(literary, or in compounds) to play a musical instrument; to give an instrumental performance
(historical) report; memorial
(literary, or in compounds) beat; meter; rhythm
a surname, Zou

Synonyms

(to offer as tribute):

edit

奉獻 / 奉献 (fèngxiàn)
貢獻 / 贡献 (gòngxiàn)

(to present a memorial to an emperor): 進奉／进奉 (jìnfèng)
(to achieve):

edit

到手 (dàoshǒu)
博得 (bódé)
取 (qǔ)
取得 (qǔdé)
弋取 (yìqǔ) (literary)
得到 (dédào)
得著 / 得着 (dézháo)
拔取 (báqǔ)
採取 / 采取 (cǎiqǔ)
獲 / 获
獲取 / 获取 (huòqǔ)
獲得 / 获得 (huòdé)
獲致 / 获致 (huòzhì) (formal)
贏得 / 赢得 (yíngdé)
集取 (jíqǔ) (literary)

(to play a musical instrument):

edit

上演 (shàngyǎn)
上臺 / 上台 (shàngtái)
串 (literary, or in compounds)
做戲 / 做戏 (zuòxì)
出演 (chūyǎn)
扮戲 / 扮戏 (bànxì)
搬戲 / 搬戏 (Hokkien)
操 (literary, or in compounds)
演 (yǎn)
演出 (yǎnchū)
演唱 (yǎnchàng) (to perform a song)
演奏 (yǎnzòu)
演戲 / 演戏 (yǎnxì)
登臺 / 登台 (dēngtái)
耍 (shuǎ)
表演 (biǎoyǎn)

(beat):

edit

嘹拍 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
板嘹 (Xiamen Hokkien)
節拍 / 节拍 (jiépāi)
點子 / 点子 (diǎnzi)

Compounds

二重奏 (èrchóngzòu)
伴奏 (bànzòu)
保奏 (bǎozòu)
先斬後奏 / 先斩后奏 (xiānzhǎnhòuzòu)
准奏
前奏 (qiánzòu)
前奏曲
助奏
劾奏
協奏 / 协奏 (xiézòu)
協奏曲 / 协奏曲 (xiézòuqǔ)
即席演奏
合奏 (hézòu)
吹奏 (chuīzòu)
吹奏樂器 / 吹奏乐器 (chuīzòu yuèqì)
單音奏法 / 单音奏法
四重奏 (sìchóngzòu)
大協奏曲 / 大协奏曲
奏凱 / 奏凯
奏削
奏功 (zòugōng)
奏對 / 奏对
奏捷
奏摺 / 奏折 (zòuzhé)
奏效 (zòuxiào)
奏本
奏樂 / 奏乐 (zòuyuè)
奏琴
奏疏 (zòushū)
奏草
奏記 / 奏记
奏請 / 奏请 (zòuqǐng)
奏議 / 奏议
奏章 (zòuzhāng)
奏鳴曲 / 奏鸣曲 (zòumíngqǔ)
奏鳴曲式 / 奏鸣曲式 (zòumíngqǔshì)
密奏 (mìzòu)
封奏
底下奏樂 / 底下奏乐
彈奏 / 弹奏 (tánzòu)
摺奏 / 折奏
啟奏 / 启奏
敷奏
曲終奏雅 / 曲终奏雅
條奏 / 条奏
滑奏 (huázòu)
演奏 (yǎnzòu)
滾奏法 / 滚奏法
演奏者 (yǎnzòuzhě)
牋奏 / 笺奏
獨奏 / 独奏 (dúzòu)
獨奏曲 / 独奏曲 (dúzòuqǔ)
申奏 (shēnzòu)
節奏 / 节奏 (jiézòu)
聯奏 / 联奏 (liánzòu)
表奏 (biǎozòu)
計日奏功 / 计日奏功
變奏 / 变奏 (biànzòu)
變奏曲 / 变奏曲 (biànzòuqǔ)
進奏 / 进奏
重奏 (chóngzòu)
金奏
金石奏
鍾儀楚奏 / 钟仪楚奏
間奏 / 间奏 (jiānzòu)
間奏曲 / 间奏曲 (jiānzòuqǔ)
面奏
章奏
題奏 / 题奏
齊奏 / 齐奏 (qízòu)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (奏):

→ Vietnamese: tấu (奏)

Pronunciation 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 奏 – see 湊 (“to gather together; to assemble; to approach; to come closer; to draw near; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 湊).

For pronunciation and definitions of 奏 – see 腠 (“the tissue between the skin and the flesh”). (This character is an ancient form of 腠).