揚州

See also: 扬州

Chinese

		raise rising	prefecture(s) prefectural capital(s)
trad. (揚州)		揚	州
simp. (扬州)		扬	州

Etymology

From the area of 揚州 recorded as one of the Nine Provinces 九州 (Jiǔzhōu) of Yu the Great 大禹 (Dà Yǔ) in the "Tribute of Yu" 禹贡 (Yǔ Gòng) section of the Book of Xia 夏書 / 夏书 (Xià Shū) in the Book of Documents 書經 / 书经 (shūjīng)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Yángzhōu

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄡ
Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng⁴ zau¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Yòng-chû

(Meixian, Guangdong): yong² zu¹
Jin (Wiktionary): ion¹ zou¹
Eastern Min (BUC): Iòng-ciŭ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Iông-chiu

(Teochew, Peng'im): iang⁵ ziu¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yan-tseu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Yángzhōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Yángjhou
  - Wade–Giles: Yang²-chou¹
  - Yale: Yáng-jōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Yangjou
  - Palladius: Янчжоу (Jančžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: joeng⁴ zau¹
  - Yale: yèuhng jāu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joeng⁴ dzau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêng⁴ zeo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Yòng-chû
  - Hakka Romanization System: iong^ˇ zu^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yong² zu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯oŋ¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Yòng-chû
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iong^ˇ zu^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yong² zu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯oŋ¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yong² zu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /iɔŋ¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ion¹ zou¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /iɒ̃¹¹ t͡səu¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Iòng-ciŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒieu⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Iông-chiu
  - Tâi-lô: Iông-tsiu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iongciw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iang⁵ ziu¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iâng tsiu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶yan-tseu
  - MiniDict: yan^去 tseu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhian-tseu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦiã²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: yang tsyuw

Rime
Character	揚	州
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	與章切	職流切
Baxter	yang	tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨɐŋ/	/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɐŋ/	/t͡ɕiu/
Shao Rongfen	/iɑŋ/	/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨaŋ/	/cuw/
Li Rong	/iaŋ/	/t͡ɕiu/
Wang Li	/jĭaŋ/	/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯aŋ/	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yáng	zhōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joeng⁴	zau¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*laŋ tu/

(Zhengzhang): /*laŋ tju/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	揚	州
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yáng	zhōu
Middle Chinese	‹ yang ›	‹ tsyuw ›
Old Chinese	/*laŋ/	/*tu/
English	raise	islet in stream; province
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	揚	州
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14592	17493
Phonetic component	昜	州
Rime group	陽	幽
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	陽	周
Old Chinese	/*laŋ/	/*tju/
Notes	金文象人雙手舉玉加昜聲

Proper noun

揚州

(～市) Yangzhou (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, in eastern China)
(historical) Yangzhou (an ancient province, one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China)

Synonyms

邗城 (Hánchéng), 廣陵 / 广陵 (Guǎnglíng), 江都 (Jiāngdū), 邗州 (historical), 蕪城 / 芜城 (literary)

Derived terms

保揚河 / 保扬河 (Bǎoyáng Hé)
十年一覺揚州夢 / 十年一觉扬州梦
揚州八怪 / 扬州八怪
揚州十日 / 扬州十日 (Yángzhōu-shírì)
揚州夢 / 扬州梦
揚州彈詞 / 扬州弹词
揚州清曲 / 扬州清曲
揚州炒飯 / 扬州炒饭 (Yángzhōu chǎofàn)
揚州評話 / 扬州评话
揚州鶴 / 扬州鹤
淮揚 / 淮扬 (Huáiyáng)
騎鶴揚州 / 骑鹤扬州

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (揚州):

→ Japanese: 揚(よう)州(しゅう) (Yōshū)
→ Vietnamese: Dương Châu (揚州)

→ English: Yang-chou, Yangchow, Yangzhou

Japanese

Kanji in this term
揚	州
よう Grade: S	しゅう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Proper noun

揚(よう)州(しゅう) • (Yōshū)

Yangzhou (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, in eastern China)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
揚	州

Proper noun

揚州

chữ Hán form of Dương Châu (“Yangzhou”)