柔遠

Chinese

		soft	far; distant; remote
trad. (柔遠)		柔	遠
simp. (柔远)		柔	远

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): róuyuǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄡˊ ㄩㄢˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: róuyuǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄡˊ ㄩㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: róuyuǎn
  - Wade–Giles: jou²-yüan³
  - Yale: róu-ywǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rouyeuan
  - Palladius: жоуюань (žoujuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐoʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Middle Chinese: nyuw hjwonX

Rime
Character	柔	遠
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	耳由切	雲阮切
Baxter	nyuw	hjwonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨu/	/ɦʉɐn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiu/	/ɦʷiɐn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiəu/	/ɣiuɐn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuw/	/ɦuan^X/
Li Rong	/ȵiu/	/ɣiuɐn^X/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭəu/	/ɣĭwɐn^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ə̯u/	/i̯wɐn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	róu	yuǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau⁴	jyun⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*nu C.ɢʷanʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*mlju ɢʷanʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	柔	遠
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	róu	yuǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ nyuw ›	‹ hjwon^X ›
Old Chinese	/*nu/	/*C.ɢʷanʔ/
English	soft	far
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	柔	遠
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	8825	16226
Phonetic component	矛	袁
Rime group	幽	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	柔	遠
Old Chinese	/*mlju/	/*ɢʷanʔ/

Verb

柔遠

(Classical) to pacify distant peoples or nations

Derived terms

柔遠懷來 / 柔远怀来
柔遠懷邇 / 柔远怀迩
柔遠綏懷 / 柔远绥怀
柔遠能邇 / 柔远能迩
柔遠鎮邇 / 柔远镇迩