柴犬

Chinese

		firewood	dog
trad. (柴犬)		柴	犬
simp. ^#(柴犬)		柴	犬

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 柴犬 (shiba inu).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cháiquǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄞˊ ㄑㄩㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): caai⁴ hyun²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cháiquǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄞˊ ㄑㄩㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cháicyuǎn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻai²-chʻüan³
  - Yale: chái-chywǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaircheuan
  - Palladius: чайцюань (čajcjuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰaɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: caai⁴ hyun²
  - Yale: chàaih hyún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaai⁴ hyn²
  - Guangdong Romanization: cai⁴ hün²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːi̯²¹ hyːn³⁵/

Noun

柴犬

Shiba Inu

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
柴	犬
しば Jinmeiyō	いぬ Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Compound of 柴 (shiba, “brushwood”) +‎ 犬 (inu, “dog”),^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] possibly in reference to the dog's small stature and ability to pursue prey even through overgrown terrain.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しばいぬ [shìbáínú] (Heiban – [0])^[3]^[4]^[5]
IPA^(key): [ɕiba̠inɯ̟]

Noun

柴(しば)犬(いぬ) • (shibainu)

a Shiba Inu

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
柴	犬
しば Jinmeiyō	けん Grade: 1
kun'yomi	on'yomi

Compound of 柴 (shiba, “brushwood”) +‎ 犬 (ken, “dog”), using the on'yomi of ken for the second character.^[2]^[3]^[6]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しばけん [shìbákéń] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ɕiba̠kẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

柴(しば)犬(けん) • (shibaken)

a Shiba Inu

Usage notes

The shiba inu reading appears to be more common in general usage.

Usage of the different readings might reflect regional differences. The shiba ken reading appears to have more prevalence in Tochigi Prefecture, for instance.

References

^ “柴犬”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 “柴犬”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

[KDJ2-1] “柴犬”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

[DDJS-2] 2.0 ^2.1 “柴犬”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

[DJR-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-5] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[K-6] Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

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