民瘼

Chinese

		the people; nationality; citizen	distress; sickness
trad. (民瘼)		民	瘼
simp. ^#(民瘼)		民	瘼

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mínmò

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄇㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): man⁴ mok⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bîn-bo̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mínmò
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄇㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mínmò
  - Wade–Giles: min²-mo⁴
  - Yale: mín-mwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: minmoh
  - Palladius: миньмо (minʹmo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /min³⁵ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: man⁴ mok⁶
  - Yale: màhn mohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: man⁴ mok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: men⁴ mog⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn²¹ mɔːk̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bîn-bo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: bîn-bo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: binbok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bin²⁴⁻²² bɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bin²⁴⁻²² bɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin¹³⁻²² bɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bin²⁴⁻¹¹ bɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin²³⁻³³ bɔk̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: mjin mak

Rime
Character	民	瘼
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	彌鄰切	慕各切
Baxter	mjin	mak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/miɪn/	/mɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/min/	/mɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/mjen/	/mɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/min/	/mak̚/
Li Rong	/miĕn/	/mɑk̚/
Wang Li	/mĭĕn/	/mɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mi̯ĕn/	/mɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mín	mò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	man⁴	mok⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*min maːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	民
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mín
Middle Chinese	‹ mjin ›
Old Chinese	/*mi[ŋ]/
English	people
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	民	瘼
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9130	9259
Phonetic component	民	莫
Rime group	眞	鐸
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	民	莫
Old Chinese	/*min/	/*maːɡ/

Noun

民瘼

(literary) hardships of the people

Synonyms

民隱／民隐