漢族

Chinese

		Han dynasty	race; nationality; ethnicity race; nationality; ethnicity; clan
trad. (漢族)		漢	族
simp. (汉族)		汉	族

Etymology

The autonym “Han” is derived from the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD) in Chinese history.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): Hànzú

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ ㄗㄨˊ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ханзў (hanzw, III-I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hon³ zuk⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): hon¹ duuk⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hon-chhu̍k

(Hailu, HRS): hon^ˇ cug^ˋ
Eastern Min (BUC): háng-cŭk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hang⁴ zorh⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hàn-cho̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): hang³ zog⁸
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵hoe-zoq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Hànzú
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ ㄗㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Hànzú
  - Wade–Giles: Han⁴-tsu²
  - Yale: Hàn-dzú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Hanntzwu
  - Palladius: Ханьцзу (Xanʹczu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹ t͡su³⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ханзў (hanzw, III-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xæ̃⁴⁴ t͡su²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hon³ zuk⁶
  - Yale: hon juhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hon³ dzuk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hon³ zug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːn³³ t͡sʊk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hon¹ duuk⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hᵘɔn³³ tɵk̚³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hon-chhu̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: hon cug
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hon⁴ cug⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /hon⁵⁵ t͡sʰuk̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: hon^ˇ cug^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /hon¹¹ t͡sʰuk²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: háng-cŭk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒuʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hang⁴ zorh⁷ [Phonetic: hang¹ zorh⁷]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Ha̍ng-co̤̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɒʔ⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hàn-cho̍k
  - Tâi-lô: hàn-tso̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: harnzok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /han²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /han⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /han²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /han¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /han²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hang³ zog⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hàng tso̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sok̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵hoe-zoq
  - MiniDict: hoe^去 zoh
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²hoe-zoq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /hø³³ zoʔ⁴⁴/

Noun

漢族

Han Chinese (the largest ethnic group indigenous to China)

Synonyms

漢人／汉人 (Hànrén)

Derived terms

大漢族主義 / 大汉族主义 (dàhànzúzhǔyì)
漢族人 / 汉族人 (hànzúrén)

References

“漢族”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 38.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
漢	族
かん Grade: 3	ぞく Grade: 3
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

Noun

漢(かん)族(ぞく) • (kanzoku)

Han Chinese

Korean

Hanja in this term
漢	族

Noun

漢族 • (hanjok) (hangeul 한족)

hanja form^? of 한족 (“Han Chinese”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
漢	族

Noun

漢族

chữ Hán form of Hán tộc (“Han Chinese”)