燦爛

See also: 灿烂

Chinese

	glorious; bright; brilliant glorious; bright; brilliant; lustrous; resplendent	rotten; decayed; well-cooked rotten; decayed; well-cooked; mushy; broken; bad; to decay; completely
trad. (燦爛)	燦	爛
simp. (灿烂)	灿	烂
alternative forms	粲爛／粲烂

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cànlàn

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄢˋ ㄌㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): caan³ laan⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhan-lan
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhàn-lān

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cànlàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˋ ㄌㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cànlàn
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻan⁴-lan⁴
  - Yale: tsàn-làn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsannlann
  - Palladius: цаньлань (canʹlanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ län⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: caan³ laan⁶
  - Yale: chaan laahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaan³ laan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: can³ lan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːn³³ laːn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhan-lan
  - Hakka Romanization System: can lan
  - Hagfa Pinyim: can⁴ lan⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰan⁵⁵ lan⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhàn-lān
  - Tâi-lô: tshàn-lān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zharnlan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰan²¹⁻⁵³ lan²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰan²¹⁻⁵³ lan²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰan¹¹⁻⁵³ lan³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰan²¹⁻⁴¹ lan³³/

Middle Chinese: tshanH lanH

Rime
Character	燦	爛
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	蒼案切	郎旰切
Baxter	tshanH	lanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰɑn^H/	/lɑn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰɑn^H/	/lɑn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɑn^H/	/lɑn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰan^H/	/lan^H/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰɑn^H/	/lɑn^H/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰɑn^H/	/lɑn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰɑn^H/	/lɑn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	càn	làn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caan³	laan⁶

Adjective

燦爛

resplendent; bright; glittering
gorgeous; magnificent; splendid; outstanding; distinguished
燦爛文化／灿烂文化 ― cànlàn wénhuà ― magnificent culture

Synonyms

(resplendent): 鮮亮／鲜亮 (xiānliàng), 鮮明／鲜明 (xiānmíng), 鮮豔／鲜艳 (xiānyàn), (literary) 顯明／显明 (xiǎnmíng)
(gorgeous): 絢爛／绚烂 (xuànlàn)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “resplendent”): 暗淡 (àndàn)

Derived terms

光明燦爛 / 光明灿烂
光輝燦爛 / 光辉灿烂 (guānghuīcànlàn)
燈光燦爛 / 灯光灿烂
燦爛奪目 / 灿烂夺目
燦爛炳煥 / 灿烂炳焕
燦爛輝煌 / 灿烂辉煌
金光燦爛 / 金光灿烂

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (燦爛):

→ Japanese: 燦爛(さんらん) (sanran)
→ Korean: 찬란(燦爛) (challan)
→ Vietnamese: xán lạn (燦爛)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
燦	爛
さん Jinmeiyō	らん Hyōgai
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) さんらん [sàńráń] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [sã̠n̺ɾã̠ɴ]

Adjective

燦(さん)爛(らん) • (sanran) ^†-tari (adnominal 燦(さん)爛(らん)とした (sanran to shita) or 燦(さん)爛(らん)たる (sanran taru), adverbial 燦(さん)爛(らん)と (sanran to) or 燦(さん)爛(らん)として (sanran to shite))

(archaic) bright, brilliant, resplendent

Synonyms

Adverb

燦(さん)爛(らん) • (sanran)

brightly, brilliantly, resplendently

Usage notes

Takes the と (to) particle.

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
燦	爛

Adjective

燦爛

chữ Hán form of xán lạn (“bright”)