璽
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Translingual
Han character
璽 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 一月一土戈 (MBMGI), four-corner 10103, composition ⿱爾玉)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 744, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21309
- Dae Jaweon: page 1153, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1144, character 5
- Unihan data for U+74BD
Chinese
| trad. | 璽 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 玺 | |
| alternative forms | 壐/𱖚 鈢 鉨/鿭 鉩 𤫆 | |
Glyph origin
From 壐/𱖚. Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *smlelʔ): phonetic 爾 (OC *njelʔ) + semantic 玉 (“jade”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): saai2
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): sā̤ / sē̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5shi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sǐ
- Wade–Giles: hsi3
- Yale: syǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shii
- Palladius: си (si)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: saai2
- Yale: sáai
- Cantonese Pinyin: saai2
- Guangdong Romanization: sai2
- Sinological IPA (key): /saːi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sái
- Hakka Romanization System: saiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sai3
- Sinological IPA: /sai̯³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: saiˊ
- Sinological IPA: /sai²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: sai3
- Sinological IPA: /saɪ³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sú
- Tâi-lô: sú
- Phofsit Daibuun: suo
- IPA (Xiamen): /su⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /su⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /su⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /su⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /su⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: si2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sí
- Sinological IPA (key): /si⁵²/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: sjeX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[n]e[r]ʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*smlelʔ/
Definitions
璽
Compounds
References
- “璽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02607
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 璽 (MC sjeX). Compare modern Mandarin 璽/玺 (xǐ).
The reading changed from an initial borrowing of shi [ɕi] to the current reading of ji [d͡ʑi].
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [d͡ʑi]
Noun
璽 • (ji)
- a seal or sigil carved into a jewel
- more specifically, such a seal belonging to the Chinese emperor of the Qin Dynasty or later, or belonging to the Japanese emperor
- 八尺瓊曲玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), the jewel that is one of the three sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan
Synonyms
- (carved jewel): 玉璽 (gyokuji)
- (imperial seal): 玉璽 (gyokuji), 御璽 (gyoji)
- (imperial regalia): 八尺瓊曲玉 (Yasakani no Magatama)
Derived terms
- 璽綬 (jiju): the imperial seal and the braided cord attached to it
- 璽書 (jisho): a document that has been stamped with the imperial seal
- 璽符 (jifu): the imperial seal
- 印璽 (inji): common term for the emperor's personal seal or sigil and the national seal or sigil used for state business
- 玉璽 (gyokuji): the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 御璽 (gyoji): the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 御名御璽 (gyomei gyoji): the emperor's name and the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 剣璽 (kenji): 草薙の剣 (Kusanagi no Tsurugi) and 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), two of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan; alternately, all three of the sacred treasures
- 剣璽渡御 (kenji togyo): the ceremony of imperial succession, where the Imperial Regalia of Japan are passed from the preceding emperor to the new one
- 剣璽の案 (kenji no an): the shelf on which the Imperial Regalia of Japan were placed, from the Heian period through the Muromachi period
- 国璽 (kokuji): the national seal or sigil used for state business
- 国璽尚書 (kokuji shōsho): the Lord Privy Seal, the minister or official in the UK responsible for keeping the national seal
- 掌璽官 (shōjikan): under the Ritsuryō system of ancient Japan, the minister in responsible for keeping the imperial seal
- 神璽 (shinji): 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), one of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan; alternately, all three of the sacred treasures; the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 伝国の璽 (denkoku no ji): the imperial seal belonging to the Chinese emperor of the Qin Dynasty or later
- 宝璽 (hōji): the emperor's personal seal or sigil
- 霊璽 (reiji): an honorific term for the emperor's personal seal or sigil; something worshipped to offer prayers to the soul of someone who has passed away
Etymology 2
Noun derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) shirushi of verb 印す (shirusu, “to stamp with a seal or sigil; to mark or brand”).[1][2]
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Noun
璽 • (shirushi)
- the emperor's personal seal or sigil or the national seal or sigil used for state business
- the mark made by such a seal or sigil
- 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), one of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan
- all three of the sacred treasures
Synonyms
- (imperial seal): 印璽 (inji), 御璽 (gyoji)
- (emperor's seal): 印璽 (inji), 御璽 (gyoji), 璽符 (jifu), 宝璽 (hōji), 霊璽 (reiji)
- (national seal): 国璽 (kokuji)
- (imperial regalia): 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama)
- (all three imperial regalia): 三種の神器 (Sanshu no Shinki)
Derived terms
- 璽の御筥 (shirushi no mihako): the box containing the 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), one of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan; by extension, 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama) itself
- 天つ璽 (ama tsu shirushi): the mark or borderline separating the earthly realm from the heavenly realm; an item received from the gods as proof of imperial status
- 御璽 (mishirushi): the sacred Imperial Regalia of Japan that symbolize imperial succession
Etymology 3
Compound of 御 (mi-, honorific prefix) + 璽 (shirushi, “imperial mark, seal, or sigil”).[1][2]
Alternative forms
- 御璽, 御印
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mʲiɕiɾɯ̟ɕi]
Noun
璽 • (mishirushi)
- a mark or seal indicating imperial status
- a sacred item indicating imperial status
- the emperor's personal seal or sigil
Synonyms
- (imperial seal): 印璽 (inji), 御璽 (gyoji)
- (sacred item): 神器 (shinki)
- (emperor's seal): 印璽 (inji), 御璽 (gyoji), 璽符 (jifu), 宝璽 (hōji), 霊璽 (reiji)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 사 (sa) based on Middle Chinese 璽 (MC sjeX).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᄉᆞᆼ〯 (Yale: sǒ) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 인〮 (Yale: ín) | ᄉᆞ〯 (Yale: sǒ) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰɛ] ~ [sʰe̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [새/세]
Hanja
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
Han character
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