甘草

Chinese

		sweet; willingly; Gansu province (abbrev.)	grass; straw; draft (of a document) grass; straw; draft (of a document); careless; rough; manuscript; hasty
trad. (甘草)		甘	草
simp. ^#(甘草)		甘	草

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gāncǎo

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄢㄘㄠˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gam¹ cou²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kâm-chhó

(Hailu, HRS): gam^ˋ co^ˊ
Eastern Min (BUC): găng-chō̤
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gang¹ cor³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kam-chhó

(Teochew, Peng'im): gam¹ cao²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gāncǎo
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄢㄘㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gancǎo
  - Wade–Giles: kan¹-tsʻao³
  - Yale: gān-tsǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gantsao
  - Palladius: ганьцао (ganʹcao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    乾草 / 干草
    甘草
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gam¹ cou²
  - Yale: gām chóu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gam¹ tsou²
  - Guangdong Romanization: gem¹ cou²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm⁵⁵ t͡sʰou̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâm-chhó
  - Hakka Romanization System: gam^ˊ co^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gam¹ co³
  - Sinological IPA: /kam²⁴ t͡sʰo³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: gam^ˋ co^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /kam⁵³ t͡sʰo²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: găng-chō̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(t͡sʰ-)ʒo³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gang¹ cor³ [Phonetic: gang⁵ cor³]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gang-chô̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰɒ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gang¹ cor³ [Phonetic: gang⁵ nor³]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^(t͡sʰ-)nɒ³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kam-chhó
  - Tâi-lô: kam-tshó
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kamzhoir
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰo⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kam³³ t͡sʰo⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰo⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰo⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰɤ⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gam¹ cao²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kam tsháu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kam³³⁻²³ t͡sʰau⁵²/

Noun

甘草

licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis, whose root often used in traditional Chinese medicine to improve qi)
(figurative) supporting character, or actors performing such roles, especially experienced ones
甘草演員／甘草演员 ― gāncǎo yǎnyuán ― supporting actor/actress, especially an experienced one

Synonyms

(licorice): 國老／国老 (guólǎo)

Dialectal synonyms of 甘草 (“licorice”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		甘草
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	甘草
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	甘草
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	甘草
Cantonese	Hong Kong	甘草
Gan	Nanchang	甘草
Gan	Lichuan	甘草
Hakka	Yudu	甘草
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	甘草
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	甘草
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	甘草
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	甘草
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	甘草
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	甘草
Jin	Taiyuan	甜根草, 甜草根兒
Southern Min	Xiamen	甘草
	Quanzhou	甘草
	Zhangzhou	甘草
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	甘草
Wu	Suzhou	甘草
Wu	Danyang	甘草
Xiang	Loudi	甘草

(supporting character): 綠葉／绿叶 (lǜyè)

Derived terms

四兩甘草開藥店 / 四两甘草开药店
炙甘草 (zhìgāncǎo)
甘草和百藥 / 甘草和百药
甘草糖 (gāncǎotáng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (甘草):

→ Japanese: 甘草(かんぞう) (kanzō)
→ Korean: 감초(甘草) (gamcho)
→ Vietnamese: cam thảo (甘草)

Others:

→ Zhuang: gamcauj

References

李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 87.

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
甘	草
かん Grade: S	そう > ぞう Grade: 1
on'yomi

Middle Chinese 甘草

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かんぞー [kàńzóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
(Tokyo) かんぞー [káꜜǹzòò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [kã̠nd͡zo̞ː]

Noun

甘(かん)草(ぞう) or 甘草(カンゾウ) • (kanzō) ^{←かんざう (kanzau)^?}

licorice
Synonyms: (obsolete) 蕗草 (rosō), 甘木 (amaki)

Derived terms

甘草(かんぞう)エキス (kanzō ekisu, “licorice extract”)
甘草(かんぞう)の丸呑(まるの)み (kanzō no marunomi)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
甘	草
あま Grade: S	くさ Grade: 1
kun'yomi

甘 (ama, “sweet”) +‎ 草 (kusa, “grass”)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) あまくさ [àmákúsá] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
(Tokyo) あまくさ [àmáꜜkùsà] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]
IPA^(key): [a̠ma̠kɯ̟sa̠]

Noun

甘(あま)草(くさ) • (amakusa)

licorice

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
甘	草
あま Grade: S	き Grade: 1
kun'yomi	irregular

Alternative spelling
甘木

甘 (ama, “sweet”) +‎ 木 (ki, “tree”)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [a̠ma̠kʲi]

Noun

甘(あま)草(き) • (amaki)

(obsolete) licorice

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
甘	草

Noun

甘草 • (gamcho) (hangeul 감초)

hanja form^? of 감초 (“licorice”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
甘	草

Noun

甘草

chữ Hán form of cam thảo (“licorice”)

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]

Chinese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

References

Japanese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Noun