禅

See also: 禪 and 褝

禅	U+7985, 禅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7985

← 禄
[U+7984]

CJK Unified Ideographs

禆 →
[U+7986]

Translingual

Traditional	禪
Simplified
Japanese
Korean	禪

Glyph origin

Simplified from 禪.

Simplified from 禪 (示 → 礻 and 單 → 单) (2 strokes on top of phonetic) in simplified Chinese.
Simplified from 禪 (示 → 礻 and 單 → 単) (3 strokes on top of phonetic) in Japanese shinjitai.

Han character

禅 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+8 in Chinese, 示+9 in Japanese, 12 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 戈火金田十 (IFCWJ), composition ⿰礻単(J) or ⿰礻单(G))

References

Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 844, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24787
Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2402, character 7
Unihan data for U+7985

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 禅 – see 禪 (“dhyana; deep meditation; contemplation; Buddhist doctrine; Buddhist teachings; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 禪).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Shinjitai	禅
Kyūjitai	禪

Kanji

禅

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 禪)

Readings

Go-on: ぜん (zen, Jōyō)
Kan-on: せん (sen)
Kun: しずか (shizuka, 禅)^{←しづか (siduka, 禅, historical)}、ゆずる (yuzuru, 禅る)^{←ゆづる (yuduru, 禅る, historical)}
Nanori: さとり (satori)、ゆずり (yuzuri)^{←ゆづり (yuduri, historical)}

Compounds

禅刹(ぜんさつ) (zensatsu)
禅師(ぜんじ) (zenji)
禅定(ぜんじょう) (zenjō)
禅譲(ぜんじょう) (zenjō)
禅杖(ぜんじょう) (zenjō)
禅僧(ぜんそう) (zensō)
禅道(ぜんどう) (zendō)
禅那(ぜんな) (zenna)
禅味(ぜんみ) (zenmi)
禅門(ぜんもん) (zenmon)
禅林(ぜんりん) (zenrin)
座禅(ざぜん), 坐禅(ざぜん) (zazen, “sitting meditation”)
参禅(さんぜん) (sanzen)
四禅(しぜん) (shizen)
修禅(しゅぜん) (shuzen)
受禅(じゅぜん) (juzen)
封禅(ほうぜん) (hōzen)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
禅
ぜん Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
禪 (kyūjitai)

Shortened from 禅那 (zenna, “Zen meditation practice”), from Middle Chinese 禪那 (MC dzyen na), a transliteration of Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna, “profound meditation”).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] Compare Pali jhāna.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぜん [zéꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[4]
(Tokyo) ぜん [zèń] (Heiban – [0])^[4]
IPA^(key): [d͡zẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

禅(ぜん) • (zen)

(Buddhism) dhyana-samadhi: This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Synonyms: 禅定 (zenjō), 禅那 (zenna)
(Buddhism) the disciplines and doctrine of Zen Buddhism
short for 座禅 (zazen): a sitting position in a Zen meditation

Derived terms

禅院(ぜんいん) (zen'in)
禅客(ぜんかく) (zenkaku), 禅客(ぜんがく) (zengaku)
禅宗(ぜんしゅう) (Zenshū)
禅寺(ぜんでら) (zendera)
禅問答(ぜんもんどう) (zenmondō)
蝦蟇禅(がまぜん) (gamazen)
吹禅(すいぜん) (suizen, “blowing meditation”)
生禅(なまぜん) (namazen)
野狐禅(やこぜん) (yakozen, “someone who has not fully attained enlightenment, but puts on airs and becomes self-important as if they have”)

Proper noun

禅(ぜん) • (Zen)

(Buddhism) short for 禅宗 (Zenshū): Zen Buddhism
a surname

Descendants

→ English: Zen
→ French: zen
→ German: Zen
→ Spanish: Zen
→ Thai: เซน (seen), เซ็น (sen)

References

^ “禅”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ “禅”, in 改訂新版世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ “禅”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎^[3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014

Korean

Hanja

禅 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, Yale sen)

Zen

[1] “禅”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984

[2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[3] “禅”, in 改訂新版世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN

[DJR-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[5] “禅”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎^[3] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014

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