苦衷

Chinese

		bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful	inner feelings
trad. (苦衷)		苦	衷
simp. ^#(苦衷)		苦	衷

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kǔzhōng

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨˇ ㄓㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fu² cung¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khó͘-thiong

(Teochew, Peng'im): kou² cong¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kǔzhōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨˇ ㄓㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kǔjhong
  - Wade–Giles: kʻu³-chung¹
  - Yale: kǔ-jūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuujong
  - Palladius: кучжун (kučžun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fu² cung¹
  - Yale: fú chūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu² tsung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu² cung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː³⁵ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khó͘-thiong
  - Tâi-lô: khóo-thiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoftiofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kou² cong¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khóu tshong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰou⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰoŋ³³/

Noun

苦衷

troubles or grief that one finds difficult or too embarrassed to bring up

Synonyms

心事 (xīnshì)
心曲 (xīnqū) (literary)
心結 / 心结 (xīnjié)
衷曲 (zhōngqū) (literary)
隱衷 / 隐衷 (yǐnzhōng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (苦衷):

→ Japanese: 苦(く)衷(ちゅう) (kuchū)
→ Korean: 고충(苦衷) (gochung)