衷

衷	U+8877, 衷 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8877

← 衶
[U+8876]

CJK Unified Ideographs

衸 →
[U+8878]

Translingual

Han character

衷 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+4 in Chinese, 衣+3 in Japanese, 10 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 十中竹女 (JLHV) or 卜中竹女 (YLHV), four-corner 5073₂, composition ⿴衣中 or ⿳亠中𧘇)

Derived characters

𠂻

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1112, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34139
Dae Jaweon: page 1578, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3076, character 10
Unihan data for U+8877

Chinese

simp. and trad.		衷

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 衷
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (中) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
中	tuŋ, tuŋs
忠	*tuŋ
衷	tuŋ, tuŋs
忡	*tʰuŋ
浺	*tʰuŋ
盅	tʰuŋ, duŋ, *tjoŋ
种	*duŋ
沖	*duŋ
翀	*duŋ
仲	*duŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs): semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs, “middle; center”).

Etymology

Related to 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs, “middle; centre”); see there for more.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhōng (zhong¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cung¹ / zung¹
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): cung¹
Northern Min (KCR): cé̤ng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): thiong / tiong

(Teochew, Peng'im): cong¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhong
  - Wade–Giles: chung¹
  - Yale: jūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jong
  - Palladius: чжун (čžun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cung¹ / zung¹
  - Yale: chūng / jūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsung¹ / dzung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cung¹ / zung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: cung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cé̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœyŋ⁵⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiong
  - Tâi-lô: thiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tiofng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong
  - Tâi-lô: tiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diofng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cong¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰoŋ³³/

Middle Chinese: trjuwng, trjuwngH

Rime
Character	衷	衷
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟弓切	陟仲切
Baxter	trjuwng	trjuwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuŋ/	/ʈɨuŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuŋ/	/ʈiuŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuŋ/	/ȶiuŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwŋ/	/ʈuwŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ȶiuŋ/	/ȶiuŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuŋ/	/ȶĭuŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uŋ/	/ȶi̯uŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng	zhòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung¹	zung³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tuŋ/, /*tuŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	衷	衷
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	17409	17411
Phonetic component	中	中
Rime group	終	終
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	中	中
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ/	/*tuŋs/

Definitions

衷

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) undergarment; underwear
inner feelings; heart; from the bottom of one's heart
middle; center
a surname

Compounds

一本初衷
不衷
丹衷
共話衷腸 / 共话衷肠
初衷 (chūzhōng)
和衷共濟 / 和衷共济 (hézhōnggòngjì)
天誘其衷 / 天诱其衷
宸衷
寸衷
得衷
折衷 (zhézhōng)
折衷家庭
無動於衷 / 无动于衷 (wúdòngyúzhōng)
熱衷 / 热衷 (rèzhōng)
由衷 (yóuzhōng)
由衷之言
由衷感激
素衷
苦衷 (kǔzhōng)
莫衷一是 (mòzhōngyīshì)
莫衷壹是
衷心 (zhōngxīn)
衷悃
衷情 (zhōngqíng)
衷曲 (zhōngqū)
衷款
衷素
衷腸 / 衷肠 (zhōngcháng)
衷腸密語 / 衷肠密语
衷腸話 / 衷肠话
衷誠 / 衷诚
言不由衷 (yánbùyóuzhōng)
隱衷 / 隐衷 (yǐnzhōng)

References

“衷”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

衷

(Jōyō kanji)

inmost, inside
heart, mind (also 心)

Readings

Go-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)^{←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)}
Kan-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)^{←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)}
Kun: うち (uchi, 衷)、まごころ (magokoro, 衷)
Nanori: ただ (tada)、ただし (tadashi)、まこと (makoto)

Compounds

苦(く)衷(ちゅう) (kuchū, “distress”)
折(せっ)衷(ちゅう) (setchū, “blending, compromise”)
衷(ちゅう)情(じょう) (chūjō, “inner feelings, true heart”)
衷(ちゅう)心(しん) (chūshin, “innermost feelings”)
微(び)衷(ちゅう) (bichū, “one's innermost thoughts”)
和(わ)衷(ちゅう)協(きょう)同(どう) (wachūkyōdō, “harmonious cooperation”)

Korean

Hanja

衷 • (chung) (hangeul 충, revised chung, McCune–Reischauer ch'ung, Yale chwung)

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Vietnamese

Han character

衷: Hán Nôm readings: trung

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