草花

Chinese

	grass; straw; draft (of a document) grass; straw; draft (of a document); careless; rough; manuscript; hasty	flower; blossom; to spend flower; blossom; to spend; fancy pattern
trad. (草花)	草	花
simp. ^#(草花)	草	花
anagram	花草

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cǎohuā

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄠˇ ㄏㄨㄚ
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhó-fâ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cao³ hua¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhó-hoe
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁵tshau-ho / ⁵tshau₃-ho₁

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cǎohuā
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˇ ㄏㄨㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cǎohua
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻao³-hua¹
  - Yale: tsǎu-hwā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaohua
  - Palladius: цаохуа (caoxua)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cǎohuār
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˇ ㄏㄨㄚㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cǎohuar
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻao³-hua¹-ʼrh
  - Yale: tsǎu-hwār
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaohual
  - Palladius: цаохуар (caoxuar)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhó-fâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: co^ˋ fa^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: co³ fa¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰo³¹ fa²⁴/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: cao³ hua¹ [Phonetic: cao⁵ ua¹]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: châu-hua
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ^(h-)ua⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: cao³ hua¹ [Phonetic: cao⁵ ua¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau³³²⁻²¹ ^(h-)ua⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhó-hoe
  - Tâi-lô: tshó-hue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhoy'hoef
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hue⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tshau-ho
  - MiniDict: tshau^去 ho
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshau-ho
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰɔ³³ ho⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tshau₃-ho₁
  - MiniDict: tshau^上 ho^平
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sʰæ⁵² ho³³/

Noun

草花

showy flowers
(dialectal, card games) club (♣)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 梅花 (“club (playing cards)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		梅花
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	草花兒
	Taiwan	梅花
	Chengde	梅花兒
	Chifeng	梅花, 草花
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	草花兒
	Heihe	梅花, 草花
	Qiqihar	梅花, 草花
	Harbin	梅花兒
	Jiamusi	梅花, 草花
	Baicheng	梅花兒, 草花兒
	Changchun	草花兒
	Tonghua	草花兒
	Shenyang	梅花兒, 草花兒
	Jinzhou	梅花兒, 草花兒
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	梅花兒
	Tangshan	梅花, 草花
	Cangzhou	梅花兒
	Baoding	梅花兒
	Shijiazhuang	梅花
	Lijin	梅花兒
	Jinan	梅花
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	草花兒
	Dandong	梅花兒, 草花兒
	Yantai	草花兒
	Yantai (Muping)	草花兒
	Qingdao	草花兒
	Zhucheng	梅花
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	草花兒
	Lingbao	梅花兒
	Jining	梅花兒
	Linfen	梅花兒
	Shangqiu	梅花
	Yuanyang	梅花兒
	Zhengzhou	梅花兒
	Xinyang	梅花兒
	Baihe	梅花
	Xi'an	梅花, 梅花兒
	Baoji	梅花
	Tianshui	梅花
	Xining	梅花
	Xuzhou	梅花兒
	Fuyang	梅花
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	梅花
	Lanzhou	梅花, 草花
	Dunhuang	梅花
	Hami	梅花
	Ürümqi	梅花, 草花, 草花兒
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	梅花, 梅花兒, 櫻花兒
	Nanchong	梅花
	Dazhou	梅花, 櫻花兒
	Hanyuan	梅花
	Xichang	梅花
	Zigong	梅花, 櫻花
	Chongqing	梅花
	Wuhan	梅花, 梅子
	Yichang	梅花
	Xiangyang	梅花
	Tianmen	梅花
	Guiyang	梅花
	Zunyi	梅花兒
	Bijie	梅花
	Liping	梅花
	Zhaotong	梅花
	Dali	梅花
	Kunming	梅花
	Mengzi	細葉兒
	Guilin	梅花
	Liuzhou	梅花
	Jishou	梅花
	Changde	梅花
	Hanzhong	梅花
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	梅花, 草花
	Yangzhou	梅花, 草花
	Lianyungang	梅花
	Lianshui	草花
	Nantong	梅花, 草花
	Anqing	梅花
	Wuhu	梅花
	Hefei	草花
	Hong'an	梅花
Cantonese	Guangzhou	梅花
	Hong Kong	梅花
	Taishan	梅花
	Wuzhou	梅花
	Yulin	梅花
Gan	Pingxiang	梅花, 狗腳跡
Hakka	Yudu	梅花
Huizhou	Jixi	草花, 梅花
Huizhou	Shexian	梅花
Jin	Taiyuan	梅花兒, 梅花
	Pingyao	梅花兒
	Yangyuan	梅花兒
	Datong	梅花兒
	Xinzhou	梅花兒, 梅子
	Lüliang (Lishi)	梅花兒
	Changzhi	梅花兒
	Linhe	梅花兒
	Jining	梅花
	Hohhot	梅花兒
	Erenhot	梅花兒
	Pingshan	梅花
	Zhangjiakou	梅花兒
	Handan	梅花, 草花
	Linzhou	梅花兒
	Suide	梅花兒
Southern Min	Xiamen	梅花
	Penang (Hokkien)	棉花
	Shantou	梅花
	Haifeng	梅花
Puxian Min	Putian	梅花, 草花
Puxian Min	Xianyou	梅花, 草花
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	梅花
Wu	Shanghai	草花
	Shanghai (Chongming)	草花, 草頭
	Suzhou	草花, 金花菜
	Danyang	梅花, 草花
	Hangzhou	草花
	Ningbo	草子
	Wenzhou	草花
	Jinhua	梅花
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	草花
Xiang	Changsha	梅花

References

莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “草花”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 79.

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
草	花
くさ Grade: 1	はな > ばな Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Attested from the 10th century.^[1] Superficially 草(くさ) (kusa, “grass, plant”) + 花(はな) (hana, “flower”). The hana changes to bana as an instance of rendaku (連濁). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) くさばな [kùsáꜜbànà] (Nakadaka – [2])^[2]
IPA^(key): [kɯ̟̊sa̠ba̠na̠]

Noun

草(くさ)花(ばな) • (kusabana)

a flowering plant
a flower

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
草	花
そう Grade: 1	か Grade: 1
on'yomi

Attested from at least the Nippo Jisho ("Japanese–Portuguese Dictionary") in 1603.^[1] (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) そーか [sóꜜòkà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[3]
IPA^(key): [so̞ːka̠]

Noun

草(そう)花(か) • (sōka)

synonym of 草花(くさばな) (kusabana, “flowering plant; flower”)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[DJR-3] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]