複製
See also: 复制
Chinese
| repeat, double, overlap | manufacture | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (複製) | 複 | 製 | |
| simp. (复制) | 复 | 制 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk1 zai3
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): horh6 ze4
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: fùzhì
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄓˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fùjhìh
- Wade–Giles: fu4-chih4
- Yale: fù-jr̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhjyh
- Palladius: фучжи (fučži)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: fuk1 zai3
- Yale: fūk jai
- Cantonese Pinyin: fuk7 dzai3
- Guangdong Romanization: fug1 zei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: horh6 ze4 [Phonetic: horh7 ze4]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ho̤h-ca̤̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɒʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ t͡se⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: horh6 ze4 [Phonetic: horh7 ze4]
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɒʔ²⁻⁴ t͡se⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok-chè
- Tâi-lô: hok-tsè
- Phofsit Daibuun: hokzex
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡se⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡se¹¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡se²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok-chì
- Tâi-lô: hok-tsì
- Phofsit Daibuun: hokcix
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡si²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho̍k-chè
- Tâi-lô: ho̍k-tsè
- Phofsit Daibuun: hogzex
- IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡se¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡se²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hog4 zi3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hok tsì
- Sinological IPA (key): /hok̚²⁻⁴ t͡si²¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
Verb
複製
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 複 | 製 |
| ふく Grade: 5 |
せい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
複製 • (fukusei)
- duplication
- replication (of DNA etc.)
Verb
複製する • (fukusei suru) suru (stem 複製し (fukusei shi), past 複製した (fukusei shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "複製する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 複製し | ふくせいし | fukusei shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 複製し | ふくせいし | fukusei shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 複製する | ふくせいする | fukusei suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 複製する | ふくせいする | fukusei suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 複製すれ | ふくせいすれ | fukusei sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 複製せよ¹ 複製しろ² |
ふくせいせよ¹ ふくせいしろ² |
fukusei seyo¹ fukusei shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 複製される | ふくせいされる | fukusei sareru | |
| Causative | 複製させる 複製さす |
ふくせいさせる ふくせいさす |
fukusei saseru fukusei sasu | |
| Potential | 複製できる | ふくせいできる | fukusei dekiru | |
| Volitional | 複製しよう | ふくせいしよう | fukusei shiyō | |
| Negative | 複製しない | ふくせいしない | fukusei shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 複製せず | ふくせいせず | fukusei sezu | |
| Formal | 複製します | ふくせいします | fukusei shimasu | |
| Perfective | 複製した | ふくせいした | fukusei shita | |
| Conjunctive | 複製して | ふくせいして | fukusei shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 複製すれば | ふくせいすれば | fukusei sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||