酵素

Chinese

		yeast	plain; element
trad. (酵素)		酵	素
simp. ^#(酵素)		酵	素

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiàosù, xiàosù

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄙㄨˋ, ㄒㄧㄠˋ ㄙㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haau¹ sou³ / gaau³ sou³ / haau³ sou³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kàⁿ-sò͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiàosù
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄙㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiàosù
  - Wade–Giles: chiao⁴-su⁴
  - Yale: jyàu-sù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiawsuh
  - Palladius: цзяосу (czjaosu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiàosù
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ ㄙㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siàosù
  - Wade–Giles: hsiao⁴-su⁴
  - Yale: syàu-sù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiawsuh
  - Palladius: сяосу (sjaosu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: haau¹ sou³ / gaau³ sou³ / haau³ sou³
  - Yale: hāau sou / gaau sou / haau sou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haau¹ sou³ / gaau³ sou³ / haau³ sou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: hao¹ sou³ / gao³ sou³ / hao³ sou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːu̯⁵⁵ sou̯³³/, /kaːu̯³³ sou̯³³/, /haːu̯³³ sou̯³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàⁿ-sò͘
  - Tâi-lô: kànn-sòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvarsox
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kã²¹⁻⁵³ sɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kã²¹⁻⁵³ sɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kã¹¹⁻⁵³ sɔ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kã²¹⁻⁴¹ sɔ²¹/

Noun

酵素

enzyme
肝酵素 [Cantonese] ― gon¹ haau¹ sou³ [Jyutping] ― liver enzymes

Usage notes

Still used outside Mainland;
In Mainland, once no longer used and still the case in scientific contexts – in which 酶 (méi) is used to express this concept; reintroduced in non-academic contexts by the internet wellness trend and followed up by consumer products.

Synonyms

酶 (méi)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
酵	素
こう Grade: S	そ Grade: 5
on'yomi

Etymology

酵 (kō, “fermentation”) +‎ 素 (so, “element”)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こーそ [kóꜜòsò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːso̞]

Noun

酵(こう)素(そ) • (kōso) ^{←かうそ (kauso)^?}

(biochemistry) enzyme
酵(こう)素(そ)活(かっ)性(せい)が高(たか)まる
kōso kassei ga takamaru
enzyme activity increases

Derived terms

酵(こう)素(そ)学(がく) (kōsogaku, “enzymology”)
蛋(たん)白(ぱく)質(しつ)分(ぶん)解(かい)酵(こう)素(そ) (tanpakushitsu bunkai kōso, “protease”)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
酵	素

Noun

酵素 • (hyoso or McCune-Reischauer: hyoso or Yale: hyōso) (hangeul 효소)

hanja form^? of 효소 (“enzyme”)