飢し

Japanese

Kanji in this term
飢
やわ Grade: S
kun'yomi

Etymology

Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *yawasi- (“hungry”) (whence Yoron よーしゃん (yōshan), Miyako やーすぃ゚ (yāsï). Further etymology unknown; the Nihon Kokugo Daijiten only cites kanbun texts from the Heian period annotating such word, including one with the attributive form yawaki.^[1]

Jidai-betsu Kokugo Daijiten^[2] refers to this adjective as a -shiku adjective with the reading yafasi (やはし), but all other sources refer to it as a -ku adjective with no historical reading.^[1]^[3]^[4]

Noun

飢(やわ)し • (yawashi) ^†-ku

[from 720?] (obsolete) hungry
Synonyms: 飢えている (ueteiru), 空腹である (kūfuku de aru), ひもじい (himojii), ひだるい (hidarui)

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "飢し" (ク活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	飢く^[1] 飢から^[2]	やわくやわから	yawaku yawakara
Continuative (連用形)	飢く^[1] 飢かり^[2]	やわくやわかり	yawaku yawakari
Terminal (終止形)	飢し	やわし	yawasi
Attributive (連体形)	飢き飢かる	やわきやわかる	yawaki yawakaru
Realis (已然形)	飢けれ	やわけれ	yawakere
Imperative (命令形)	飢かれ	やわかれ	yawakare
Key constructions
Negative	飢からず	やわからず	yawakarazu
Contrasting conjunction	飢けれど	やわけれど	yawakeredo
Causal conjunction	飢ければ	やわければ	yawakereba
Conditional conjunction	飢くば	やわくば	yawakuba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	飢かりき	やわかりき	yawakariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	飢かりけり	やわかりけり	yawakarikeri
Adverbial	飢く	やわく	yawaku
^[1]Without auxiliary verb. ^[2]With auxiliary verb.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Dai-ni-han Henshū I'inkai (日本国語大辞典第二版編集委員会) (2001-2002) 日本国語大辞典　第二版 [Unabridged Japanese Dictionary: Second Edition], Tokyo (東京都): Shōgakukan (小学館), →ISBN
^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 795
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[NKD2P-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Dai-ni-han Henshū I'inkai (日本国語大辞典第二版編集委員会) (2001-2002) 日本国語大辞典　第二版 [Unabridged Japanese Dictionary: Second Edition], Tokyo (東京都): Shōgakukan (小学館), →ISBN

[JDB-2] Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 795

[DJR-3] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJS-4] Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

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