鯰

See also: 鲇 and 鲶

鯰	U+9BF0, 鯰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BF0

← 鯯
[U+9BEF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鯱 →
[U+9BF1]

Translingual

Han character

鯰 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+8, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓火人戈心 (NFOIP), four-corner 2833₂, composition ⿰魚念)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1473, character 27
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46285
Dae Jaweon: page 2005, character 27
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4697, character 13
Unihan data for U+9BF0

Chinese

trad.		鯰
simp.		鲶

Glyph origin

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鯰 (namazu).

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 鯰 – see 鮎 (“catfish (fishes in order, especially Amur catfish”). (This character is a variant form of 鮎).

Usage notes

Commonly used for the catfish sense in written Chinese, due to the rarity of 鮎／鲇 (nián).

Derived terms

鯰魚 / 鲶鱼 (niányú)

Japanese

Glyph origin

A 国字 (kokuji, “Japanese-coined character”),^[1] using the 魚 radical on the left for its meaning of “fish”, and 念 on the right for its phonetic value as a homophone of 粘 (nen, “sticky; slimy”).

Kanji

鯰

(Hyōgai kanji)

a catfish

Readings

Kan’yō-on: ねん (nen)^{←ねん (nen, historical)}^{←ねむ (nemu, ancient)}
Kun: なまず (namazu, 鯰)^{←なまづ (namadu, 鯰, historical)}

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鯰
なまず Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
鮎 (rare)

Possibly from 滑 (nama, “slippery, slimy”, possible ancient alternate for name reading) +‎ 頭 (zu, “head”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) なまず [nàmázú] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[3]^[4]
IPA^(key): [na̠ma̠zɨ]

Noun

鯰(なまず) or 鯰(ナマズ) • (namazu) ^{←なまづ (namadu)^?}

an Amur catfish (Silurus asotus)
(idiomatic) an earthquake

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ナマズ (namazu).

Derived terms

上(あ)がり鯰(なまず) (agarinamazu)
痺鯰(しびれなまず) (shibirenamazu)
電気鯰(でんきなまず) (denkinamazu)
鯰尾(なまずお) (namazuo)
鯰隈(なまずぐま) (namazuguma)
鯰肌(なまずはだ) (namazuhada)
鯰髭(なまずひげ) (namazuhige)
鯰坊主(なまずぼうず) (namazubōzu)
瓢箪(ひょうたん)で鯰(なまず)を押(お)さえる (hyōtan de namazu o osaeru)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJS-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK5-4] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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