ꜣꜥꜥ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Verb


 3-lit.

  1. (transitive, Late Egyptian) to coat, spread, or patch up with plaster; to plaster [18th and 20th Dynasty]
Usage notes
There is some debate over whether the determinative in the form

(attested only in hieratic) is
or
.
Inflection
Conjugation of ꜣꜥꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜣꜥꜥ, geminated stem: ꜣꜥꜥꜥ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
ꜣꜥꜥ
ꜣꜥꜥw, ꜣꜥꜥ
ꜣꜥꜥt
ꜣꜥꜥ
ꜣꜥꜥ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
ꜣꜥꜥ
ḥr ꜣꜥꜥ
m ꜣꜥꜥ
r ꜣꜥꜥ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect ꜣꜥꜥ.n
ꜣꜥꜥw, ꜣꜥꜥ
consecutive ꜣꜥꜥ.jn
active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative ꜣꜥꜥt
perfective3 ꜣꜥꜥ
active + .tj1, .tw2
obligative1 ꜣꜥꜥ.ḫr
active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective ꜣꜥꜥ
active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 ꜣꜥꜥ
ꜣꜥꜥꜥ
potentialis1 ꜣꜥꜥ.kꜣ
active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive ꜣꜥꜥ
active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect ꜣꜥꜥ.n
active + .tj1, .tw2
perfective ꜣꜥꜥ
active + .tj1, .tw2
ꜣꜥꜥ
ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥꜥw5, ꜣꜥꜥy5
imperfective ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥꜥy, ꜣꜥꜥw5
active + .tj1, .tw2
ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥꜥj6, ꜣꜥꜥy6
ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥꜥw5
prospective ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥꜥtj7
ꜣꜥꜥtj4, ꜣꜥꜥt4

1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Etymology 2

Verb


 2ae gem.

  1. (transitive) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: [19th Dynasty]
    1. to accuse
    2. to injure, to harm
Usage notes

Gardiner considers the evidence too scanty to determine the exact meaning of this word, but suggests a possible association with ꜥꜥw (to sleep) and is ‘convinced that the word conveyed something a good deal more painful than mere “accusation”’.

Inflection
Conjugation of ꜣꜥꜥ (second geminate / 2ae gem. / II. gem.) — base stem: ꜣꜥ, geminated stem: ꜣꜥꜥ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
ꜣꜥꜥ8
ꜣꜥꜥ
ꜣꜥꜥt
ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥ
ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥ
ḥr ꜣꜥꜥ
m ꜣꜥꜥ
r ꜣꜥꜥ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect ꜣꜥꜥ.n, ꜣꜥ.n
ꜣꜥ
consecutive ꜣꜥ.jn
active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative ꜣꜥꜥt
perfective3 ꜣꜥ
active + .tj1, .tw2
obligative1 ꜣꜥꜥ.ḫr
active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective ꜣꜥꜥ
active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 ꜣꜥꜥ
ꜣꜥꜥ
potentialis1 ꜣꜥ.kꜣ
active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive ꜣꜥ
active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect ꜣꜥ.n
active + .tj1, .tw2
perfective ꜣꜥ
active + .tj1, .tw2
ꜣꜥ
ꜣꜥ, ꜣꜥw5, ꜣꜥy5
imperfective ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥꜥy, ꜣꜥꜥw5
active + .tj1, .tw2
ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥꜥj6, ꜣꜥꜥy6
ꜣꜥꜥ, ꜣꜥꜥw5
prospective ꜣꜥ, ꜣꜥtj7
ꜣꜥꜥtj4, ꜣꜥꜥt4

1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
8 ꜣꜥ before suffix pronouns.

Alternative forms
Derived terms

Etymology 3

According to the Rösslerian school of Egyptian comparison, from earlier *lꜥꜥ, from Proto-Afroasiatic *laɣ- (?) (to speak); compare Proto-Semitic *lɣz, Arabic لَغَزَ (laḡaza, to speak enigmatically, to use puzzling or riddle-like language), Hebrew לעז (to speak a foreign language).[1]

Verb


  1. (intransitive, Late Egyptian) to speak a foreign language, to gibber
Alternative forms

Noun


 m

  1. (Late Egyptian) speaker of a foreign language, generally a foreigner or interpreter
Inflection
Declension of ꜣꜥꜥ (masculine)
singular ꜣꜥꜥ
dual ꜣꜥꜥwj
plural ꜣꜥꜥw
Alternative forms

Etymology 4

Noun


 m

  1. a type of tree [20th Dynasty]
Inflection
Declension of ꜣꜥꜥ (masculine)
singular ꜣꜥꜥ
dual ꜣꜥꜥwj
plural ꜣꜥꜥw

Proper noun



  m./f. topo.

  1. a place name [20th Dynasty]

Etymology 5

Noun



 m

  1. (medicine) a liquid used medicinally [19th Dynasty]

Etymology 6

Verb


  1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. [Theban royal funerary literature]

Etymology 7

Verb


  1. alternative form of ꜥꜥw (to sleep)

Etymology 8

Noun


 m

  1. alternative form of jꜥ (tomb)

References

  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 10
  • Lesko, Leonard, Lesko, Barbara (2002) A Dictionary of Late Egyptian, second edition, volume 1, Providence: B.C. Scribe Publications, →ISBN, pages 1–2
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 2.13–3.3, 3.5, 40.6
  • Gardiner, Alan (1948) “The First Two Pages of the Wörterbuch” in The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 34, p. 16–18
  • Gardiner, Alan (1948) The Wilbour Papyrus, Volume II: Commentary, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 32
  1. ^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 31