| infinitival forms
|
imperative
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| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
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plural
|
ꜥšt, ꜥšj
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ꜥšw, ꜥš
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ꜥšt, ꜥšwt, ꜥšyt
|
ꜥš
|
ꜥš, ꜥšy
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| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
ꜥš8, ꜥšš8
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ḥr ꜥšt, ḥr ꜥšj
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m ꜥšt, m ꜥšj
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r ꜥšt, r ꜥšj
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| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
ꜥš.n
|
ꜥšw, ꜥš, ꜥšy
|
consecutive
|
ꜥš.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
ꜥšt, ꜥšyt
|
| perfective3
|
ꜥš
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
ꜥš.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
ꜥš, ꜥšy
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
ꜥšw, ꜥš, ꜥšy
|
ꜥšw, ꜥš, ꜥšy
|
potentialis1
|
ꜥš.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
ꜥš, ꜥšy
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
ꜥš.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
ꜥšw1, ꜥšy, ꜥš
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
ꜥš
|
ꜥšy, ꜥš
|
| imperfective
|
ꜥšš, ꜥššy, ꜥššw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
ꜥšš, ꜥššj6, ꜥššy6
|
ꜥšš, ꜥššw5
|
| prospective
|
ꜥšw1, ꜥšy, ꜥš, ꜥštj7
|
—
|
ꜥšwtj1 4, ꜥštj4, ꜥšt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
8 Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.
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