싱겁다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Nammyeongjip eonhae (南明集諺解 / 남명집언해), 1482, as Middle Korean 슴겁다 (Yale: sumkepta).
From 심심하다 (simsimhada, “to be not salty”) + -겁다 (-geopda).[1]
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɕʰiŋɡʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [싱겁따]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | singgeopda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | singgeobda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | singgŏpta |
| Yale Romanization? | singkepta |
Adjective
싱겁다 • (singgeopda) (irregular, infinitive 싱거워, sequential 싱거우니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 싱겁다 (singgeopda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 싱겁다 singgeopda |
싱거워 singgeowo |
싱거워요 singgeowoyo |
싱겁습니다 singgeopseumnida |
| Past | 싱거웠다 singgeowotda |
싱거웠어 singgeowosseo |
싱거웠어요 singgeowosseoyo |
싱거웠습니다 singgeowotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 싱거우냐 singgeounya |
싱거워 singgeowo |
싱거워요 singgeowoyo |
싱겁습니까 singgeopseumnikka |
| Past | 싱거웠냐 singgeowonnya |
싱거웠어 singgeowosseo |
싱거웠어요 singgeowosseoyo |
싱거웠습니까 singgeowotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 싱겁겠다 singgeopgetda |
싱겁겠어 singgeopgesseo |
싱겁겠어요 singgeopgesseoyo |
싱겁겠습니다 singgeopgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 싱거워 singgeowo |
싱거워서 singgeowoseo |
싱거우니 singgeouni |
싱거우니까 singgeounikka | |
| Contrast | 싱겁지만 singgeopjiman |
싱거운데 singgeounde |
싱겁더니 singgeopdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 싱겁고 singgeopgo |
||||
| Condition | 싱거우면 singgeoumyeon |
싱거워야 singgeowoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 싱거움 singgeoum |
싱겁기 singgeopgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 싱거웠음 singgeowosseum |
싱거웠기 singgeowotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 싱거운 singgeoun | |||
| Future | 싱거울 singgeoul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 싱거우시다 singgeousida |
싱거우셔 singgeousyeo |
싱거우세요, 싱거우셔요 singgeouseyo, singgeousyeoyo |
싱거우십니다 singgeousimnida |
| Past | 싱거우셨다 singgeousyeotda |
싱거우셨어 singgeousyeosseo |
싱거우셨어요 singgeousyeosseoyo |
싱거우셨습니다 singgeousyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 싱거우시냐 singgeousinya |
싱거우셔 singgeousyeo |
싱거우세요, 싱거우셔요 singgeouseyo, singgeousyeoyo |
싱거우십니까 singgeousimnikka |
| Past | 싱거우셨냐 singgeousyeonnya |
싱거우셨어 singgeousyeosseo |
싱거우셨어요 singgeousyeosseoyo |
싱거우셨습니까 singgeousyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 싱거우시겠다 singgeousigetda |
싱거우시겠어 singgeousigesseo |
싱거우시겠어요 singgeousigesseoyo |
싱거우시겠습니다 singgeousigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 싱거우셔 singgeousyeo |
싱거우셔서 singgeousyeoseo |
싱거우시니 singgeousini |
싱거우시니까 singgeousinikka | |
| Contrast | 싱거우시지만 singgeousijiman |
싱거우신데 singgeousinde |
싱거우시더니 singgeousideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 싱거우시고 singgeousigo |
||||
| Condition | 싱거우시면 singgeousimyeon |
싱거우셔야 singgeousyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 싱거우심 singgeousim |
싱거우시기 singgeousigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 싱거우셨음 singgeousyeosseum |
싱거우셨기 singgeousyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 싱거우신 singgeousin | |||
| Future | 싱거우실 singgeousil | ||||
Antonyms
- (to be bland, not salty): 짜다 (jjada, “to be salty”)
References
- ^ 이영경 (Yi Yeong-gyeong) (2012) “국어 온도 표현 어휘의 발달에 대하여 [gugeo ondo pyohyeon eohwiui baldare daehayeo, A Historical Study of Korean Temperature Words]”, in Han'guk Munhwa, volume 57, pages 249—275