축하하다
Korean
Etymology
축하(祝賀) (chukha, “congratulations”) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰukʰa̠ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [추카하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | chukhahada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | chughahada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ch'ukhahada |
| Yale Romanization? | chwuk.hahata |
Verb
축하하다 • (chukhahada) (infinitive 축하해 or 축하하여, sequential 축하하니, hanja 祝賀하다)
- (transitive) to congratulate, to celebrate, to felicitate
- 가족이 아기를 낳았다고 들었어요, 축하합니다!
- Gajog-i agi-reul naatdago deureosseoyo, chukhahamnida!
- I heard (your) family is having a baby, congratulations!
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 축하하다 (chukhahada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 축하한다 chukhahanda |
축하해 chukhahae |
축하해요 chukhahaeyo |
축하합니다 chukhahamnida |
| Past | 축하했다 chukhahaetda |
축하했어 chukhahaesseo |
축하했어요 chukhahaesseoyo |
축하했습니다 chukhahaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 축하하느냐 chukhahaneunya |
축하해 chukhahae |
축하해요 chukhahaeyo |
축하합니까 chukhahamnikka |
| Past | 축하했느냐 chukhahaenneunya |
축하했어 chukhahaesseo |
축하했어요 chukhahaesseoyo |
축하했습니까 chukhahaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 축하하자 chukhahaja |
축하해 chukhahae |
축하해요 chukhahaeyo |
축하하십시다 chukhahasipsida | |
| Imperative | 축하해라, 축하하여라 chukhahaera, chukhahayeora |
축하해 chukhahae |
축하해요 chukhahaeyo |
축하합시오 chukhahapsio | |
| Assertive | 축하하겠다 chukhahagetda |
축하하겠어 chukhahagesseo |
축하하겠어요 chukhahagesseoyo |
축하하겠습니다 chukhahagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 축하해 chukhahae |
축하해서, 축하하여서 chukhahaeseo, chukhahayeoseo |
축하하니 chukhahani |
축하하니까 chukhahanikka | |
| Contrast | 축하하지만 chukhahajiman |
축하하는데 chukhahaneunde |
축하하더니 chukhahadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 축하하고 chukhahago |
||||
| Condition | 축하하면 chukhahamyeon |
축하해야, 축하하여야 chukhahaeya, chukhahayeoya |
|||
| Motive | 축하하려고 chukhaharyeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 축하함 chukhaham |
축하하기 chukhahagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 축하했음, 축하하였음 chukhahaesseum, chukhahayeosseum |
축하했기, 축하하였기 chukhahaetgi, chukhahayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 축하한 chukhahan | |||
| Present | 축하하는 chukhahaneun | ||||
| Future | 축하할 chukhahal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 축하하신다 chukhahasinda |
축하하셔 chukhahasyeo |
축하하세요, 축하하셔요 chukhahaseyo, chukhahasyeoyo |
축하하십니다 chukhahasimnida |
| Past | 축하하셨다 chukhahasyeotda |
축하하셨어 chukhahasyeosseo |
축하하셨어요 chukhahasyeosseoyo |
축하하셨습니다 chukhahasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 축하하시느냐 chukhahasineunya |
축하하셔 chukhahasyeo |
축하하세요, 축하하셔요 chukhahaseyo, chukhahasyeoyo |
축하하십니까 chukhahasimnikka |
| Past | 축하하셨느냐 chukhahasyeonneunya |
축하하셨어 chukhahasyeosseo |
축하하셨어요 chukhahasyeosseoyo |
축하하셨습니까 chukhahasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 축하하시라 chukhahasira |
축하하셔 chukhahasyeo |
축하하세요 chukhahaseyo |
축하하십시오 chukhahasipsio | |
| Assertive | 축하하시겠다 chukhahasigetda |
축하하시겠어 chukhahasigesseo |
축하하시겠어요 chukhahasigesseoyo |
축하하시겠습니다 chukhahasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 축하하셔 chukhahasyeo |
축하하셔서 chukhahasyeoseo |
축하하시니 chukhahasini |
축하하시니까 chukhahasinikka | |
| Contrast | 축하하시지만 chukhahasijiman |
축하하시는데 chukhahasineunde |
축하하시더니 chukhahasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 축하하시고 chukhahasigo |
||||
| Condition | 축하하시면 chukhahasimyeon |
축하하셔야 chukhahasyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 축하하시려고 chukhahasiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 축하하심 chukhahasim |
축하하시기 chukhahasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 축하하셨음 chukhahasyeosseum |
축하하셨기 chukhahasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 축하하신 chukhahasin | |||
| Present | 축하하시는 chukhahasineun | ||||
| Future | 축하하실 chukhahasil | ||||