𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +β€Ž 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (baidjan).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /Ι‘aˈbɛːdjan/, [Ι‘aˈbɛːðjan]

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 β€’ (gabaidjan) (perfective)

  1. (hapax legomenon) to force, compel
    • 2 Corinthians 12:11:
      π…πŒ°π‚πŒΈ πŒΏπŒ½π…πŒΉπ„πŒ° πˆπ‰π€πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ, πŒΎπŒΏπƒ 𐌼𐌹𐌺 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸; 𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌺 πƒπŒΊπŒΏπŒ»πŒ³πƒ π…πŒ°πƒ π†π‚πŒ°πŒΌ πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ 𐌲𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽, πŒΏπŒ½π„πŒ΄ 𐌽𐌹 π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„πŒ°πŒΉ πŒΌπŒΉπŒ½πƒ 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 πŒΏπ†πŒ°π‚ π†πŒΉπŒ»πŒΏ πŒ°π€πŒ°πŒΏπƒπ„πŒ°πŒΏπŒ»πŒΏπŒΌ, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌽𐌹 π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„πƒ 𐌹𐌼.
      warΓΎ unwita ƕōpands, jus mik gabaididΔ“duΓΎ; aΓΎΓΎan ik skulds was fram izwis gakannjan, untΔ“ ni waihtai mins habaida ΓΎaim ufar filu apaustaulum, jah jabai ni waihts im.
      I am become a fool in glorying; ye have compelled me: for I ought to have been commended of you: for in nothing am I behind the very chiefest apostles, though I be nothing. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
infinitive 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽
gabaidjan
indicative present past present passive
1st singular 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰
gabaidja 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌰
gabaidida 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰
gabaidjada
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
gabaideis 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
gabaididΔ“s 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌢𐌰
gabaidjaza
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸
gabaideiþ 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌰
gabaidida 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰
gabaidjada
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπ‰πƒ
gabaidjōs 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿
gabaididΔ“du 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
gabaidjats 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
gabaididΔ“duts 		β€”
1st plural 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌼
gabaidjam 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼
gabaididΔ“dum 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gabaidjanda
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸
gabaideiþ 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸
gabaididΔ“duΓΎ 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gabaidjanda
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳
gabaidjand 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽
gabaididΔ“dun 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gabaidjanda
subjunctive present past present passive
1st singular 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿
gabaidjau 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿
gabaididΔ“djau 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿
gabaidjaidau
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
gabaidjais 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
gabaididΔ“deis 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌢𐌰𐌿
gabaidjaizau
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹
gabaidjai 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹
gabaididΔ“di 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿
gabaidjaidau
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gabaidjaiwa 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gabaididΔ“deiwa 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
gabaidjaits 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
gabaididΔ“deits 		β€”
1st plural 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰
gabaidjaima 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰
gabaididΔ“deima 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gabaidjaindau
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸
gabaidjaiþ 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸
gabaididΔ“deiΓΎ 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gabaidjaindau
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰
gabaidjaina 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰
gabaididΔ“deina 		𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gabaidjaindau
imperative
2nd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌹
gabaidei
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿
gabaidjadau
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
gabaidjats
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸
gabaideiΓΎ
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gabaidjandau
present past
participles πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
gabaidjands 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
gabaidiΓΎs

Further reading

  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 15
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