πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +β€Ž *πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½ (*staldan), from Proto-Germanic *staldanΔ…. Related to Old English stealdan (β€œto possess”).[1][2]

Verb

πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (gastaldan) (perfective)

  1. to acquire
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Corinthians 7:28:
      𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 πŒ½πŒΉπŒΌπŒΉπƒ 𐌡𐌴𐌽, 𐌽𐌹 π†π‚πŒ°π…πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ·π„πŒ΄πƒ, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰 πŒΌπŒ°π…πŒΉ, 𐌽𐌹 π†π‚πŒ°π…πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ·π„πŒ°, 𐌹𐌸 πŒ°πŒ²πŒ»π‰πŒ½ πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΊπŒΉπƒ πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³ πŒΈπ‰ πƒπ…πŒ°πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΊπŒ°. 𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌺 πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ π†π‚πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒ°...
      aΓΎΓΎan jabai nimis qΔ“n, ni frawaurhtΔ“s, jah jabai liugada mawi, ni frawaurhta, iΓΎ aglōn leikis gastaldand þō swaleika. iΓΎ ik izwis freidja...
      But and if thou marry, thou hast not sinned; and if a virgin marry, she hath not sinned. Nevertheless such shall have trouble in the flesh: but I spare you. (KJV)
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Nehemiah 15:16:
      𐌾𐌰𐌷 π…πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πƒπ„π… πŒΈπŒΉπŒΆπ‰πƒ πŒ±πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ²πƒπ…πŒ°πŒ³πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏπƒ πŒΉπŒ½πƒπ…πŒΉπŒ½πŒΈπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΈπŒ°πŒΏπ‚π€ 𐌽𐌹 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΈπŒΉπ…π‰πƒ 𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐌹 πŒ²πŒ°πŒ»πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ°πŒ½πƒ 𐌳𐌿 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 π…πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πƒπ„π…πŒ°.
      jah waurstw þizōs baurgswaddjaus inswinþida, jah þaurp ni gastaistald, jah þiwōs meinai jah allai þai galisanans du þamma waurstwa.
      Yea, also I continued in the work of this wall, neither bought we any land: and all my servants were gathered thither unto the work. (KJV)
  2. to possess
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 18:12:
      π†πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ° π„π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ πƒπŒΉπŒ½πŒΈπŒ°πŒΌ πƒπŒ°πŒ±πŒ±πŒ°π„πŒ°πŒΏπƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ»πŒΎπŒ° π„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·πŒΏπŒ½πŒ³π‰πŒ½ 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻 πŒ°πŒ»πŒ»πŒΉπƒ 𐌸𐌹𐌢𐌴 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°.
      fasta twaim sinΓΎam sabbataus jah afdailja taihundōn dail allis ΓΎizΔ“ gastalda.
      I fast twice in the week, I give tithes of all that I possess. (KJV)
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Thessalonians 4:4:
      𐌴𐌹 π…πŒΉπ„πŒΉ πˆπŒ°π‚πŒΎπŒΉπŒΆπŒΏπŒ· πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒ°π‚πŒ° πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½ πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½ πŒΊπŒ°πƒ 𐌹𐌽 π…πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ·πŒΉπŒΈπŒ°πŒΉ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πƒπ…πŒ΄π‚πŒΉπŒΈπŒ°πŒΉ,
      ei witi Ζ•arjizuh izwara gastaldan sein kas in weihiΓΎai jah swΔ“riΓΎai,
      That every one of you should know how to possess his vessel in sanctification and honour; (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 7 strong
infinitive πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½
gastaldan
indicative present past present passive
1st singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°
gastalda 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³
gastaistald 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
gastaldada
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΉπƒ
gastaldis 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πƒπ„
gastaistalst 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
gastaldaza
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
gastaldiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³
gastaistald 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
gastaldada
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³π‰πƒ
gastaldōs 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΏ
gastaistaldu 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°π„πƒ
gastaldats 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
gastaistalduts 		β€”
1st plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΌ
gastaldam 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
gastaistaldum 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastaldanda
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
gastaldiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
gastaistalduΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastaldanda
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
gastaldand 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
gastaistaldun 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastaldanda
subjunctive present past present passive
1st singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastaldau 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
gastaistaldjau 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastaldaidau
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
gastaldais 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
gastaistaldeis 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
gastaldaizau
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉ
gastaldai 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΉ
gastaistaldi 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastaldaidau
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gastaldaiwa 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gastaistaldeiwa 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
gastaldaits 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
gastaistaldeits 		β€”
1st plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
gastaldaima 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
gastaistaldeima 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastaldaindau
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
gastaldaiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
gastaistaldeiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastaldaindau
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
gastaldaina 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
gastaistaldeina 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastaldaindau
imperative
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³
gastald
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastaldadau
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°π„πƒ
gastaldats
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
gastaldiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastaldandau
present past
participles πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
gastaldands 		πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ»πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ
gastaldans

References

  1. ^ J. Bosworth (19 July 2010) β€œstealdan”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Onlineβ€Ž[1], retrieved 16 November 2017
  2. ^ Anne L. Klinck (1992) β€œPart II: Texts and Textual Notes”, in The Old English Elegies: A Critical Edition and Genre Studyβ€Ž[2], MontrΓ©al, Canada: McGill-Queen's University Press, β†’ISBN, page 148
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