πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +β€Ž *π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½ (*wigan), from Proto-Germanic *weganΔ….

Verb

πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (gawigan) (perfective)

  1. (hapax legomenon) to shake together
    • Luke 6:38:
      𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰 πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ, πŒΌπŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ³πƒ πŒ²π‰πŒ³πŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΏπ†πŒ°π‚π†πŒΏπŒ»πŒ»πŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΏπ†πŒ°π‚πŒ²πŒΏπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ° 𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌽 πŒ±πŒ°π‚πŒΌ πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒ°π‚πŒ°πŒ½πŒ°; 𐌸𐌹𐌢𐌰𐌹 𐌰𐌿𐌺 πƒπŒ°πŒΌπ‰πŒ½ πŒΌπŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ³πŒΎπ‰πŒ½ 𐌸𐌹𐌢𐌰𐌹𐌴𐌹 πŒΌπŒΉπ„πŒΉπŒ³ πŒΌπŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ³πŒ° πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ.
      gibaid, jah gibada izwis, mitads gōda jah ufarfulla jah gawigana jah ufargutana gibada in barm izwarana; þizai auk samōn mitadjōn þizaiei mitid mitada izwis.
      Give, and it shall be given unto you; good measure, pressed down, and shaken together, and running over, shall men give into your bosom. For with the same measure that ye mete withal it shall be measured to you again. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 5 strong
infinitive πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½
gawigan
indicative present past present passive
1st singular πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°
gawiga 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ°πŒ²
gawag 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
gawigada
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒΉπƒ
gawigis 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ°πŒ²π„
gawagt 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
gawigaza
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒΉπŒΈ
gawigiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ°πŒ²
gawag 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
gawigada
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²π‰πƒ
gawigōs 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒΏ
gawΔ“gu 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°π„πƒ
gawigats 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒΏπ„πƒ
gawΔ“guts 		β€”
1st plural πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΌ
gawigam 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒΏπŒΌ
gawΔ“gum 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gawiganda
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒΉπŒΈ
gawigiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒΏπŒΈ
gawΔ“guΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gawiganda
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
gawigand 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒΏπŒ½
gawΔ“gun 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gawiganda
subjunctive present past present passive
1st singular πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΏ
gawigau 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
gawΔ“gjau 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gawigaidau
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
gawigais 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
gawΔ“geis 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
gawigaizau
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉ
gawigai 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒΉ
gawΔ“gi 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gawigaidau
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gawigaiwa 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gawΔ“geiwa 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
gawigaits 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
gawΔ“geits 		β€”
1st plural πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
gawigaima 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
gawΔ“geima 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gawigaindau
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
gawigaiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
gawΔ“geiΓΎ 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gawigaindau
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
gawigaina 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ΄πŒ²πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
gawΔ“geina 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gawigaindau
imperative
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²
gawig
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gawigadau
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°π„πƒ
gawigats
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒΉπŒΈ
gawigiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gawigandau
present past
participles πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
gawigands 		πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒΉπŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πƒ
gawigans

Further reading

  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 174
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