πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hramjanΔ… (β€œto put into a frame”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈhramjan/

Verb

πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (hramjan)

  1. to crucify

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
infinitive πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
hramjan
indicative present past present passive
1st singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°
hramja 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
hramida 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
hramjada
2nd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπƒ
hramjis 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
hramidΔ“s 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
hramjaza
3rd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
hramjiΓΎ 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
hramida 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
hramjada
1st dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπ‰πƒ
hramjōs 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
hramidΔ“du 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
hramjats 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
hramidΔ“duts 		β€”
1st plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
hramjam 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
hramidΔ“dum 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
hramjanda
2nd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
hramjiΓΎ 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
hramidΔ“duΓΎ 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
hramjanda
3rd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
hramjand 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
hramidΔ“dun 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
hramjanda
subjunctive present past present passive
1st singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
hramjau 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
hramidΔ“djau 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaidau
2nd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
hramjais 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
hramidΔ“deis 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaizau
3rd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
hramjai 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
hramidΔ“di 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaidau
1st dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
hramjaiwa 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
hramidΔ“deiwa 		β€”
2nd dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
hramjaits 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
hramidΔ“deits 		β€”
1st plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
hramjaima 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
hramidΔ“deima 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaindau
2nd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
hramjaiΓΎ 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
hramidΔ“deiΓΎ 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaindau
3rd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
hramjaina 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
hramidΔ“deina 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjaindau
imperative
2nd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒΉ
hramei
3rd singular πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjadau
2nd dual πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
hramjats
2nd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
hramjiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
hramjandau
present past
participles πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
hramjands 		πŒ·π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒΈπƒ
hramiΓΎs

Derived terms

Descendants

  • β†’β‡’? Medieval Latin: adchramiō, adchrammiō, adframiō (β€œto vow, swear, assure”) (alternatively from Frankish *hrammjan)

Further reading

  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 60
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