𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴
Old Uyghur
| Uyghur script | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾅 (kwyz̤ /köʒ/) 𐽷𐽳𐽳𐽶𐽴 (kwwyz /küüz/) 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn /kö[z]/) |
|---|---|
| Orkhon script | 𐰚𐰇𐰕 (küz /köz/) 𐰚𐰇𐰕𐰤 (küzn² /küzün/) |
| Manichaean script | 𐫞𐫇𐫏𐫉 (qwyz /köz/) |
| Sogdian script | 𐼸𐼴𐼷𐼵𐽆 (kwyẓ /köz/) |
| Arabic script | كوز (kwz /köz/) |
| Syriac script | ܟܘܝܙ (kwyr /kö[z]/) ܟܘ (kw /k[öz]/) |
| Brahmi script | 𑀓𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀛𑁆 (kyojh /köz/) 𑀓𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀲𑁆 (kyos /köz, kös/) 𑀓𑁆𑀬𑀛 (kyajha /küz/) |
| Han script | 苦即 (*khuH.tsik /köz-i/) 曲思 (*khjowk.si /küz/) |
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *köŕ (“eye”). Cognate with Orkhon Turkic 𐰚𐰇𐰔 (küz /köz/, “eye”) and Karakhanid كُوزْ (kȫz, “eye”).
Noun
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 (kwyz /köz/)
- (anatomy, zootomy) eye
- Synonym: 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽲 (qʾrq /ḳaraḳ/)
- a. 11th century, Unidentified Abbidharma text (Kat.-Nr. 44) Mz647a.9-e.9 (a./c./e.r9):[1][2][3]
- 𑀢𑁂𑀢𑀺𑀭 𑁇 𑀧𑁄 𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀱𑁆𑀲 […] 𑀓 𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀱𑁆 𑀧𑁆𑀮𑁄𑀭𑁆 𑀜𑀺𑀡𑁆 𑀓𑀺𑀦𑁆𑀤𑀸 𑀓𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀰𑁆
- tetira . po tyuṣsa […] ka tyuṣ plor ñiṇ kindā kyoś
- / […] tetir. Bo tüš Sa- […] tüš bolor. […] -nïŋ ug[r]ïnta köz […] /
- […] is said so. This fruit of labor is called […] , and for the sake of […] , your [wisdom-]eye […]
- 𑀢𑁂𑀢𑀺𑀭 𑁇 𑀧𑁄 𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀱𑁆𑀲 […] 𑀓 𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀱𑁆 𑀧𑁆𑀮𑁄𑀭𑁆 𑀜𑀺𑀡𑁆 𑀓𑀺𑀦𑁆𑀤𑀸 𑀓𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀰𑁆
- c. 1328, Ïnal Tämür Taišeŋdu (大乘奴), Yetikän Sudur page 25, lines 1-3:
- 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶𐽷𐽰 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽿 𐽰𐽶𐽶 𐽶𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽶𐽳𐽷𐽷𐽰 𐽰𐽿
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽻𐾃𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽲𐽾𐽶𐽸𐾂𐽳𐽾 𐾈 𐽲𐾄𐽳𐾁𐽶𐽺 𐽼𐽳𐽸𐾂𐽶𐽺 𐽻𐽶𐽻𐾃𐾁𐽰𐽸𐾂𐽳𐽾 𐾈
𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽰𐽷𐽶𐾁𐽰𐽺 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽺 𐽲𐾄𐽳𐾁𐽼𐽶𐽽𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽲𐽾𐽶𐽸𐾂𐽳𐽾 𐾈- tnkrykʾ yʾqyš ʾyy yrmʾywkkʾ ʾš
kwyṣyn ʾqryḋwr q̈wlyn pwḋyn syṣlʾḋwr
ywrʾkylʾn pylyn q̈wlpycyn ʾqryḋwr - /Täŋrigä yaġïš ayï[ḳ] birmäyükkä baš[ïn], köṣin aġrïḍur. Ḳolïn, buḍïn sïṣlaḍur. Yüräki-län bilin, ḳolbïčïn aġrïḍur./
- It is so that the people who have not made sacrifices or vows to the gods - they will feel pain in their heads and eyes. They will feel their hands and feet ache, their hearts, waist and armpits cramp.
- tnkrykʾ yʾqyš ʾyy yrmʾywkkʾ ʾš
- 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶𐽷𐽰 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽿 𐽰𐽶𐽶 𐽶𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽶𐽳𐽷𐽷𐽰 𐽰𐽿
- sight, view, glance
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽾 (ʾqʾr /aḳar/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷 (kwyrmʾk /körmäk/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽳𐽹 (kwyrwm /körüm/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 (kwyz) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwyzlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwyznwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwyzlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽰 (kwyzkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwyzlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽷 (kwyzwk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽺𐽶 (kwyzny) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (kwyzlʾryk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwyzlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽸𐽰 (kwyzdʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (kwyzlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwyzdyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwyzlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺 (kwyzwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwyzlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽽𐽰 (kwyzcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwyzkʾrw), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽾𐽰 (kwyzrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwyzlʾyw) |
Compound terms
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 𐽰𐽳𐽻𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽶 (kwyz ʾwstwny /köz üstüni/, “eyelid, upper eyelid”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 𐽰𐽹𐽽𐽶 (kwyz ʾmcy /köz ämči/, “optometrist”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 𐽲𐽰𐽽𐽶𐽲 (kwyz qʾcyq /köz ḳačïġ/, “eyesight”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰𐽲 (kwyz qʾrʾq /köz ḳaraḳ/, “eye, pupil”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽶 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽴 (kwyzy kwyrmʾz /közi körmäz/, “blind”)
Derived terms
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽰𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽷 (kwyzʾtmʾk /küzät-/, “to watch, to guard”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺𐽳𐽷 (kwyzwnwk /közünök/, “wound; opening, hole; chimney; noose, stitch”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽳 (kwyzwnkw /közüngü, közüŋü/, “mirror; example”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺𐽹𐽰𐽷 (kwyzwnmʾk /közün-/, “to appear, to be visible”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺𐽽 (kwyzwnc /közünč/, “present, gift; audience”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐾁𐽹𐽰𐽷 (kwyzwlmʾk /közül-/, “to place”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽳𐾀 (kwyzkwt /közgüt/, “treasure”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽺𐽰𐽷 (kwyznʾk /köznäk/, “reflection, mirror image”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽻𐽳𐽴 (kwyzswz /közsüz/, “blind; unenlightened, without foundation”)
Descendants
- Western Yugur: gøz, gyz (“eye, vision; red colored object”)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kȫŕ (“embers”). Cognate with Karakhanid كُوزْ (kȫz, “glowing coals”).
Noun
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 (kwyz /köz/)
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 (kwyz) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwyzlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwyznwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwyzlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽰 (kwyzkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwyzlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽷 (kwyzwk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽺𐽶 (kwyzny) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (kwyzlʾryk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwyzlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽸𐽰 (kwyzdʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (kwyzlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwyzdyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwyzlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺 (kwyzwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwyzlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽽𐽰 (kwyzcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwyzkʾrw), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽾𐽰 (kwyzrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwyzlʾyw) |
Derived terms
- 𑀓𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀲𑁆𑀬𑀸 (kyosyā /közä[k]/, “fire”)
Etymology 3
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kǖŕ (“autumn”). Cognate with Karakhanid کُزْ (küz, “autumn”).
Noun
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 (kwyz /küz/)
- (time) fall, autumn
- Synonym: 𐾀𐽻𐽶𐽳 (tsyw /tsiu/)
- c. 13th century, 17th-18th centuries, Čisim Tutuŋ (志心都統), Avasade Sudur page 61, lines 8-10 (l. 992-994):[6]
- 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺 𐽹𐽰𐽶𐾀𐽾𐽶 𐽶 𐽰
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽶 𐽶𐽰𐽻𐽹𐽰 𐽰𐽶𐽿 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽 𐾀𐽰 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽸𐽰𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽴 𐽰𐽱
𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽾 𐽽𐽰 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽻𐽰𐽼 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽳𐽴 𐾀𐽳𐽻𐽰𐽸- twyzwn mʾytry y ʾ
kwyzky yʾsmʾ ʾyš kwyc tʾ kwydʾn ʾwyz ʾβ
ynkʾ pʾryr cʾ kwysʾp twqtwnkwz twsʾd - /Tözün Maitreya!
Küzki yeṣāmä iš küčtä küdän öz äviŋä barïrča küsäp tuġtuŋuz. Tuṣïḍ[ta] […] / - Noble Maitreya!
Just like how a guest returns to their own home after the autumnal reconnaissance trip, so have you wished it [to be true.]
- twyzwn mʾytry y ʾ
- 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺 𐽹𐽰𐽶𐾀𐽾𐽶 𐽶 𐽰
Declension
| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 (kwyz) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwyzlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwyznwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwyzlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽰 (kwyzkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwyzlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽷 (kwyzwk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽺𐽶 (kwyzny) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (kwyzlʾryk), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwyzlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽸𐽰 (kwyzdʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (kwyzlʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwyzdyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (kwyzlʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺 (kwyzwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwyzlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽽𐽰 (kwyzcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwyzkʾrw), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽾𐽰 (kwyzrʾ) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwyzlʾyw) |
Compound terms
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴 𐽶𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽶 (kwyz yʾnky /küz yaŋï/, “autumnal equinox”)
- 𑀓𑁆𑀬𑀛𑀭𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀢𑀸 (kyajhartutā /küz rïtu/, “autumn season”)
Derived terms
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽶 (kwyzky /küzki/, “autumnal”)
Descendants
- Western Yugur: guz (“autumn”)
References
- ^ https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/mainz/images/mainz0647a_seite1.jpg
- ^ https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/mainz/images/mainz0647a_seite1_detail1.jpg
- ^ https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/mainz/images/mainz0647a_seite1_detail2.jpg
- ^ https://idp.bl.uk/uv/?manifest=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.idp.bl.uk%2Fiiif%2F3%2Fmanifest%2F0EB6E2F74517416E9C8C2A63B67BD21D#?c=&m=&cv=55&xywh=0%2C-224%2C1492%2C1554
- ^ https://vatec2.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/vatecasp/Irk_Bitig.htm (Referenz: Irk 64: 55(r):01-Irk 64: 55(r):04)
- ^ Tezcan, Semih (1974) Das uigirische Insadi-Sutra (in German), page TAFEL LXI
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “köz”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 119
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “küz”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 124
- Dieter, Maue (1996) Alttürkische Handschriften: Dokumente in Brāhmī und Tibetischer Schrift (Teil 1) (Verzeichnis der orientalischen handschriften in Deutschland; 9) (in German), →ISBN, pages 177, 178, 181
- Tekin, Mehmet Talât (2004) Irk Bitig: Book of Omens (Turcologica; 18), →ISBN, pages 26-27
- Tezcan, Semih (1974) Das uigirische Insadi-Sutra (in German), page 70
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1, 2) köz”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 414
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) küz”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 448
- Yunusoğlu, Mağfiret Kemal (2012) Uygurca-Çince İdikut Sözlüğü[1] (in Turkish), Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, pages 66, 82