๐ฅ๐๐ซ
Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
From Sanskrit เคงเคฐเฅเคฎ (dharma), from Proto-Indo-European *dสฐer-mos. Cognate to Pali dhamma, Sauraseni Prakrit ๐ฅ๐ซ๐๐ซ (dhamma).
Noun
๐ฅ๐๐ซ (dhaแนma) m
- (Buddhism, Hinduism) dharma: religious duty; natural law
- c. 257 BCE, Aลoka, Major Rock Edict 5 Girnar.3:
- ๐ฅ๐๐ซ๐๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฆ ๐ช๐๐ญ๐บ๐๐๐ฒ๐ ๐
๐ณ๐ ๐ฅ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ฒ๐ ๐ฏ๐บ๐ซ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ค๐ญ๐๐ฒ๐ก๐ธ ๐ ๐ณ๐ฒ๐๐ข๐บ ๐ค๐ฒ๐ก๐ธ ๐
- dhaแนmacaraแนena bherighoso aho dhaแนmaghoso vimฤnadarsaแนฤ ca hasti dasaแนฤ ca
- 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch
- [โฆ] [due to] the practice of morality [by Ashoka], the sound of drums has become the sound of morality, showing the people representations of aerial chariots, representations of elephants, [โฆ]
- ๐ฅ๐๐ซ๐๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฆ ๐ช๐๐ญ๐บ๐๐๐ฒ๐ ๐
๐ณ๐ ๐ฅ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ฒ๐ ๐ฏ๐บ๐ซ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ค๐ญ๐๐ฒ๐ก๐ธ ๐ ๐ณ๐ฒ๐๐ข๐บ ๐ค๐ฒ๐ก๐ธ ๐
Alternative forms
Attested at Bairat, Brahmagiri, Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Girnar, Jaugada and Kalsi.
| Dialectal forms of ๐ฅ๐๐ซ (โdharmaโ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Kalsi | ๐ฅ๐ซ (dhama), ๐ฅ๐๐ซ (dhaแนma) | |
| Delhi-Topra | ๐ฅ๐๐ซ (dhaแนma) | ||
| Lauriya-Araraj | ๐ฅ๐ซ (dhama) | ||
| Bairat | ๐ฅ๐๐ซ (dhaแนma) | ||
| East | Dhauli | ๐ฅ๐๐ซ (dhaแนma) | |
| Jaugada | ๐ฅ๐๐ซ (dhaแนma) | ||
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | ๐จข๐จฟ๐จช๐จจ (dhrama) | |
| Mansehra | ๐จข๐จจ (dhama), ๐จข๐จฟ๐จช๐จจ (dhrama) | ๐จข๐จฟ๐จช๐จจ less common (dhrama) | |
| West | Girnar | ๐ฅ๐ซ (dhama), ๐ฅ๐๐ซ (dhaแนma) | |
| South | Brahmagiri | ๐ฅ๐๐ซ (dhaแนma) | |
| Maski | ๐ฅ๐ซ (dhama) | ||
| Map of dialectal forms of ๐ฅ๐๐ซ (โdharmaโ) | ||
|---|---|---|
|
๐ฅ๐๐ซ (dhaแนma) (7) ๐ฅ๐ซ (dhama) (4) ๐จข๐จฟ๐จช๐จจ (dhrama) (2) ๐จข๐จจ (dhama) (1) | ||
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ1985) โdhรกrmaโ, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press