๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข
Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
Etymology tree
Sanskrit เคชเฅเคฐเคเฅเคฐเคพเคจเฅเคค (prakrฤnta)
Ashokan Prakrit ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข (prakaแนta)
Inherited from Sanskrit เคชเฅเคฐเคเฅเคฐเคพเคจเฅเคค (prakrฤnta, โgone, proceededโ), participle of เคชเฅเคฐเคเฅเคฐเคฎเฅ (prakram, โto proceedโ), from เคชเฅเคฐ- (pra-, โtowardsโ) +โ เคเฅเคฐเคฎเฅ (kram, โto stepโ).
Participle
๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข (prakaแนta)
- past passive participle of ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ข๐บ (prakamati, โto exertโ); exerted
- c. 258 BCE, Aลoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.3:
- ๐ฆ๐ ๐ข๐ผ ๐๐ ๐ฉ๐ธ๐ ๐ ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข๐ ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฒ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ฒ๐ฏ๐๐ญ๐
- no tu kho bฤแธhaแน prakaแนte husaแน ekaแน savacharaแน
- 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch
- But indeed I had not been very zealous for one year.
- ๐ฆ๐ ๐ข๐ผ ๐๐ ๐ฉ๐ธ๐ ๐ ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข๐ ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฒ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ฒ๐ฏ๐๐ญ๐
Declension
| Declension of ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข (prakaแนta) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข๐ prakaแนte |
โ | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| accusative | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| instrumental | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| dative | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| ablative | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| genitive | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| locative | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ | โ |
Alternative forms
Attested at Brahmagiri.
| Dialectal forms of ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข (โexertedโ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Rupnath | ๐ง๐๐ข (pakata) | ๐ง๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (pakate) |
| Panguraria | ๐ง๐๐ธ๐๐ข (pakฤแนta) | ?๐ง๐๐ธ๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (pakฤแนte) | |
| Bahapur | ๐ง๐ฎ๐๐ข (palakata) | ?๐ง๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (palakate) | |
| Ahraura | ๐ง๐ฎ๐๐๐ข (palakaแนta) | ๐ง๐ฎ๐๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (palakaแนte) | |
| South | Yerragudi | ๐ง๐๐ธ๐๐ข (pakฤแนta) | ๐ง๐๐ธ๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (pakฤแนte) |
| Siddapura | ๐ง๐๐๐ข (pakaแนta) | ๐ง๐๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (pakaแนte) | |
| Brahmagiri | ๐ง๐๐๐ข (pakaแนta), ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข (prakaแนta) | ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (prakaแนte), ๐ง๐๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (pakaแนte) | |
| Maski | ๐๐ง๐๐ข (upagata) | ?๐๐ง๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (upagate) | |
| Rajula-Mandagiri | ๐ง๐๐ธ๐๐ข (pakฤแนta) | ?๐ง๐๐ธ๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (pakฤแนte) | |
| Udegolam | ๐ง๐๐๐ข (pakaแนta) | ?๐ง๐๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (pakaแนte) | |
| Nittur | ๐ง๐๐๐ข (pakaแนta) | ๐ง๐๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (pakaแนte) | |
| Gavimath | ๐ง๐๐๐ข (pakaแนta) | ๐ง๐๐๐ข๐ m.nom.sg (pakaแนte) | |
| Map of dialectal forms of ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข (โexertedโ) | ||
|---|---|---|
|
๐ง๐๐๐ข (pakaแนta) (5) ๐ง๐๐ธ๐๐ข (pakฤแนta) (3) ๐ง๐ฎ๐๐ข (palakata) (1) ๐ง๐๐ข (pakata) (1) ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐๐ข (prakaแนta) (1) ๐ง๐ฎ๐๐๐ข (palakaแนta) (1) ๐๐ง๐๐ข (upagata) (1) | ||
References
- Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) โpakam-โ, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aลoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 156
- Oberlies, Thomas (2003) โAลokan Prakrit and Pฤliโ, in George Cardona and Dhanesh Jain, editors, The Indo-Aryan Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), Routledge, โISBN, page 221 of 179โ224
- Mehendale, M[adhukar] A[nant] (1948) Historical Grammar of Inscriptional Prakrits (Deccan College Dissertation Series; 3)โ[1], Poona: Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute, page 267