๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง
Prakrit
Etymology 1
Inherited from Sanskrit ๐ญ๐ฝ๐ง๐๐ฌ (rลซฬpya).
Noun
๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (ruppa) n (Devanagari เคฐเฅเคชเฅเคช, Gujarati เชฐเซเชชเซเชช, Kannada เฒฐเณเฒชเณเฒช) (attested in Ardhamฤgadhฤซ, Mฤhฤrฤแนฃแนญrฤซ, ลaurasenฤซ)
Declension
| Maharastri declension of ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (neuter) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐๐ (ruppฤiแน) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) |
| Accusative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐๐ (ruppฤiแน) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) |
| Instrumental | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ก (ruppeแนa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ก๐ (ruppeแนaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ณ๐บ (ruppehi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ณ๐บ๐ (ruppehiแน) |
| Dative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤa) | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤo) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (ruppฤhi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (ruppฤhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (ruppassa) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก (ruppฤแนa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก๐ (ruppฤแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (ruppammi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppe) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฒ๐ผ (ruppesu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (ruppesuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (ruppa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐๐ (ruppฤiแน) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) |
Derived terms
- *๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง-๐
(*ruppa-a), *๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง-๐ (*ruppa-ga)
- Gurjara Apabhramsa:
- Gujarati: เชฐเซเชชเซเช (rลซpลฉ)
- Marwari: เคฐเฅเคชเฅ (rลซpau)
- Konkani: rupแบฝ
- Devanagari script: เคฐเฅเคชเฅเค
- Kannada script: เฒฐเณเฒชเณเฒ
- Latin script: rupem
- Old Marathi: rupeแน
- Devanagari script: เคฐเฅเคชเฅเค
- Modi script: ๐จ๐ณ๐ข๐น๐ฝ
- Marathi: เคฐเฅเคชเฅ (rupe)
- Odia: เฌฐเญเฌชเฌพ (rupฤ)
- Old Punjabi: เจฐเฉเจชเจพ (rupฤ /โ ruppฤโ /)
- Punjabi: ruppฤ
- Gurmukhi script: เจฐเฉเฉฑเจชเจพ
- Shahmukhi script: ุฑููพูุง
- Punjabi: ruppฤ
- Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
- Braj: เคฐเฅเคชเคพ (rลซpฤ)
- Hindustani: rลซpฤ
- Hindi: เคฐเฅเคชเคพ
- Urdu: ุฑูููพุง (rลซpฤ)
- Sindhi:
- Arabic script: ุฑููพู
- Devanagari script: เคฐเฅเคชเฅ
- Gurjara Apabhramsa:
- *๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง-๐ฎ-๐ (*ruppa-la-ga)
- Nepali: เคฐเฅเคชเฅเคฒเคพ (rupaulฤ)
- Romani: rupalo
- *๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง-๐ฎ๐๐ฎ-๐๐๐ธ (*ruppa-lla-igฤ)
- Marwari: เคฐเฅเคชเฅเคฒเฅ (rupelฤซ)
Descendants
- Assamese: เงฐเงเฆช (rup)
- Old Gujarati: เคฐเฅเคช (rลซpa)
- Hindustani: rลซp
- Maithili: rลซp
- Devanagari script: เคฐเฅเคช
- Tirhuta script: ๐ฉ๐ด๐ฃ
- Romani: rup
Etymology 2
Inherited from Sanskrit ๐ญ๐ผ๐๐๐ซ (rukmรก).
Noun
๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (ruppa) n (Devanagari เคฐเฅเคชเฅเคช)
- gold
- the thorn apple
Declension
| Maharastri declension of ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (neuter) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐๐ (ruppฤiแน) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) |
| Accusative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐๐ (ruppฤiแน) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) |
| Instrumental | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ก (ruppeแนa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ก๐ (ruppeแนaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ณ๐บ (ruppehi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ณ๐บ๐ (ruppehiแน) |
| Dative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤa) | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤo) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (ruppฤhi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (ruppฤhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (ruppassa) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก (ruppฤแนa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก๐ (ruppฤแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (ruppammi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppe) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฒ๐ผ (ruppesu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (ruppesuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (ruppa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐๐ (ruppฤiแน) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) |
Etymology 3
Inherited from Sanskrit ๐ญ๐ ๐ง๐๐ฌ (raupya).
Adjective
๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (ruppa) (Devanagari เคฐเฅเคชเฅเคช)
- made of silver
Declension
| Maharastri declension of ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (masculine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppo) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) |
| Accusative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppe) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) |
| Instrumental | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ก (ruppeแนa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ก๐ (ruppeแนaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ณ๐บ (ruppehi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ณ๐บ๐ (ruppehiแน) |
| Dative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤa) | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤo) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (ruppฤhi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (ruppฤhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (ruppassa) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก (ruppฤแนa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก๐ (ruppฤแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (ruppammi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppe) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฒ๐ผ (ruppesu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (ruppesuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (ruppa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) |
| Maharastri declension of ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (feminine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤo) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) |
| Accusative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤo) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) |
| Instrumental | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤe) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤa) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (ruppฤhi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐ (ruppฤhiแน) |
| Dative | โ | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤo) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤu) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (ruppฤhiแนto) |
| Genitive | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤe) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤa) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก (ruppฤแนa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก๐ (ruppฤแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤe) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤa) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ฒ๐ผ (ruppฤsu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (ruppฤsuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppe) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤo) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) |
| Maharastri declension of ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (neuter) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐๐ (ruppฤiแน) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) |
| Accusative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐๐ (ruppฤiแน) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) |
| Instrumental | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ก (ruppeแนa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ก๐ (ruppeแนaแน) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ณ๐บ (ruppehi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ณ๐บ๐ (ruppehiแน) |
| Dative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤa) | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤo) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (ruppฤhi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (ruppฤhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (ruppassa) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก (ruppฤแนa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ก๐ (ruppฤแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (ruppammi) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ (ruppe) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฒ๐ผ (ruppesu) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (ruppesuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง (ruppa) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ (ruppฤ) | ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐๐ (ruppฤiแน) or ๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง๐ธ๐ (ruppฤi) |
Derived terms
- *๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง-๐
(*ruppa-a), *๐ญ๐ผ๐ง๐๐ง-๐ (*ruppa-ga)
- Sindhi:
- Arabic script: ุฑููพู
- Devanagari script: เคฐเฅเคชเฅ
- Sindhi:
Further reading
- Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923โ1928) โเคฐเฅเคชเฅเคชโ, in เคชเคพเคเค -เคธเคฆเฅเคฆ-เคฎเคนเคฃเฅเคฃเคตเฅ [pฤia-sadda-mahaแนแนavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
- E.B. Cowell (1868) The Prรกkแนit Prakรกลaโ[1], London: Trรผbner & Co., page 129
- Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 195
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ1985) โruppaโ, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press